Unit1　　世界各地的节日

Festivals and celebrations

节日和庆典

Festivals and celebrations of all kinds have been held everywhere since ancient times.

自古以来，世界各地就有各种各样的节日和庆典。

Most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of cold weather,planting in spring and harvest in autumn.

最古老的节日总是庆祝严寒的结束，春季的种植和秋天的收割。

Sometimes celebrations would be held after hunters had caught animals.

有时，在猎人捕获猎物后，也举行庆祝活动。

At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months.

在那个时候，如果食物难以找到，人们就要挨饿，特别是在寒冷的冬月。

Today’s festivals have many origins, some religious, some seasonal, and some for special people or events.

现在的节日有很多由来，有些是宗教性的，有些是季节性的，有些是为了纪念特殊的人和事件的。

Festivals of the Dead

亡灵节

Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors,

有些节日，是为了纪念死者，或使祖先得到满足，

who might return either to help or to do harm.

因为祖先有可能回到世上（给人们）提供帮助，也有可能带来危害。

For the Japanese festival.Obon,

在日本的盂兰盆节，

people should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors.

人们要上坟、扫墓、烧香，以缅怀祖先。

They also light lamps and play music

他们还点起灯笼，奏响乐曲，

because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth.

因为他们认为这样做可以把祖先引回到世上。

In Mexico, people celebrate the Day of the Dead in early November.

在墨西哥，亡灵节是在11月初。

On this important feast day, people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes with ”bones” on them.

在这个重要的节日里，人们会吃制成颅骨形状的食物，以及装点有“骨头”的蛋糕。

They offer food, flowers and gifts to the dead.

他们向亡者祭献食物、鲜花和礼品。

The Western holiday Halloween also had its origin in old beliefs about the return of the spirits of dead people.

万圣节也源自人们古老的信念，认为亡者的灵魂会返回人间。

It is now a children’s festival, when they can dress up and goto their neighbours’ homes to ask for sweets.

万圣节如今成了孩子们的节日，这天他们可以乔装打扮上邻居家要糖吃。

If the neighbours do not give any sweets, the children might play a trick on them.

如果邻居什么糖也不给，那么孩子们就可以捉弄他们了。

Festivals to Honour People

纪念名人的节日

Festivals can also be held to honour famous people.

也有纪念名人的节日。

The Dragon Boat Festival in China honours the famous ancient poet, Qu Yuan.

中国的端午节（龙舟节），是纪念古代著名诗人屈原的。

In the USA Columbus Day is in memory of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in New World.

美国的哥伦布日是纪念克里斯托弗·哥伦布发现“新大陆”的日子。

India has a national festival on October 2 to honour Mohandas Gandhi,

印度在10月2日有个全国性的节日，纪念默罕达斯·甘地，

the leader who helped gain India’s independence from Britain.

他是帮助印度脱离英国而独立的领袖。

Harvest Festivals

庆丰收的节日

Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very happy events.

收获与感恩节是非常喜庆的节日。

People are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter and the agricultural work is over.

越冬的粮食收集起来了，农活结束了，人们都心怀感恩。

In European countries, people will usually decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit,

在欧洲国家，人们通常用花果来装饰教堂和市政厅，

and will get together to have meals.

在一起聚餐。

Some people might win awards for their farm produce,

有些人还可能因为他们的农产品（参加各种评选）而获奖，

like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster.

比如最大的西瓜或最帅的公鸡。

China and Japan have mid-autumn festivals,

中国和日本都有中秋节，

when people admire the moon and in China, enjoy mooncakes.

这时，人们会赏月，在中国，人们还品尝月饼。

Spring Festivals

春节

The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring.

最富有生气而又最重要的节日，就是告别冬天，迎来春天的日子。

At the Spring Festival in China, people eat dumplings,fish and meat and may give children lucky money in red paper.

中国人过春节要吃饺子、鱼和肉，还要给孩子们送用红纸包着的压岁钱。

There are dragon dances and carnivals, and families celebrate the Lunar New Year together.

他们舞龙灯、狂欢，全家人聚在一起欢庆阴历年。

Some Western countries have very exciting carnivals,

在一些西方国家有激动人心的狂欢节，

which take place forty days before Easter,usually in February.

通常在二月，复活节前的四十天。

These carnivals might include parades, dancing in the streets day and night, loud music and colourful clothing of all kinds.

狂欢节期间，人们身着各种艳丽的节日盛装，伴随着鼓噪的音乐，在街头游行，昼夜跳舞。

Easter is an important religious and social festival for Christians aroud the world.

复活节是全世界基督徒的一个重要的宗教和公众节日。

It celebrates the return of Jesus from the dead and the coming of spring and new life.

它庆祝耶稣复活，也欢庆春天和新生命的到来。

Japan’s Cherry Blossom Festival happens a little later.

再晚些时候，日本就迎来了樱花节。

The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow.

（节日里）整个国度到处是盛开的樱花，看上去就像覆盖了一层粉红色的雪。

People love to get together to eat , drink and have fun with each other.

人们喜欢聚在一起吃、喝、玩耍。

Festivals let us enjoy life, be proud of our customs and forget our work for a little while.

节日让我们享受生活，让我们为自己的习俗而自豪，还可以暂时忘却工作中的烦恼。

演技赞、学习好、情商高，吴磊弟弟简直就是别人家的孩子，是什么让他这么优秀，是父母给了他一身好皮囊？还是上天赐了他一世好运气？