The aging trend of the global population is becoming increasingly prominent, the proportion of hip diseases in elderly patients is increasing year by year, total hip arthroplasty (THA) is effective in the treatment of elderly hip diseases, and surgical techniques and indications have been widely popularized, but the incidence of intraoperative and postoperativeperiprosthetic femoral fractures (PFF) is also increasing year by year. In the past 30 years, the incidence of PFF is increasing at a rate of 4.6% every 10 years. It accounts for 9.3%-14.7% of all THA revision operations, second only to aseptic loosening and infection of the prosthesis. Most of the patients with periprosthetic fractures after total hip arthroplasty are elderly patients with a variety of medical diseases, and the operation is difficult and risky. in order to improve the postoperative joint function and quality of life, and reduce postoperative complications and mortality, doctors at home and abroad continue to explore new treatment methods, most of them advocate early operation. According to the type of fracture to adopt the corresponding treatment, this paper intends to explain the details of the prevention and treatment of periprosthetic fracture, in order to provide better reference.