VirtualBox配置宿主机和虚拟机网络互通+外网访问 |
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VirtualBox配置宿主机和虚拟机网络互通+外网访问
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VirtualBox 版本：7.0 虚拟机版本：CentOS-7-x86_64-Everything-1804_2.iso 宿主机版本：Windows 10-21H2 VirtualBox 和 虚拟机安装省略~ VirtualBox 配置在虚拟机的【设置】选项中配置两张网卡，图下图所示，网卡一用来上外网，网卡二用来宿主机和虚拟机互通；
在宿主机的网络配置中可以看到有两张网卡，配置如下 在 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts 下我们可以看到有 ifcfg-enp* 的几个网卡 [root@localhost ~]# ls /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts ifcfg-enp0s3 ifdown-bnep ifdown-isdn ifdown-sit ifup ifup-ippp ifup-plusb ifup-sit ifup-wireless ifcfg-enp0s8 ifdown-eth ifdown-post ifdown-Team ifup-aliases ifup-ipv6 ifup-post ifup-Team init.ipv6-global ifcfg-lo ifdown-ippp ifdown-ppp ifdown-TeamPort ifup-bnep ifup-isdn ifup-ppp ifup-TeamPort network-functions ifdown ifdown-ipv6 ifdown-routes ifdown-tunnel ifup-eth ifup-plip ifup-routes ifup-tunnel network-functions-ipv6ifcfg-enp0s3 内容如下 [root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp0s3 TYPE="Ethernet" PROXY_METHOD="none" BROWSER_ONLY="no" BOOTPROTO="dhcp" DEFROUTE="yes" IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no" IPV6INIT="yes" IPV6_AUTOCONF="yes" IPV6_DEFROUTE="yes" IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL="no" IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE="stable-privacy" NAME="enp0s3" UUID="b68e88aa-c2b0-491d-b68a-ba42d5909da0" DEVICE="enp0s3" ONBOOT="yes"ifcfg-enp0s8 内容如下，相对于 enp0s3 有以下差异 其实 VirtualBox 的网卡一相当于 enp0s3，网卡二相当于 enp0s8；BOOTPROTO：因为要固定 IP，所以这里改为了 static，如果不需要固定 IP 这里可以不变；IPADDR：因为要固定 IP，这里可以自行定义一个和宿主机上图中 IP 地址同网段的 IP 地址；GATEWAY：这里采用宿主机中网卡的 IP 地址作为网关地址，借用宿主机的这个新的网卡来让宿主机和虚拟机互通；DNS、NETMASK 需要如下所示即可； [root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp0s8 TYPE=Ethernet PROXY_METHOD=none BROWSER_ONLY=no BOOTPROTO=static DEFROUTE=yes IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no IPV6INIT=yes IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no IPV6_ADDR_GEM_MODE=stable-privacy NAME=enp0s8 UUID=89a26f7a-cff6-41c9-967d-f24d8a487656 DEVICE=enp0s8 ONBOOT=yes IPV6_PRIVACY=no IPADDR=192.168.56.66 PREFIX=24 GATEWAY=192.168.56.1 NDS1=192.168.56.1 NETMASK=255.255.255.0当我们执行 ifconfig 时，会看到以下内容，包含了 enp0s3 和 enp0s8 的相关详细，和上述的两个文件一一对应，如果 enp0s8 不存在，可以尝试 ifconfig enp0s8 up 来启用网卡 [root@localhost ~]# ifconfig br-333369dc300e: flags=4163 mtu 1500 inet 172.18.0.1 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 172.18.255.255 inet6 fe80::42:b2ff:fefd:dd65 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20 ether 02:42:b2:fd:dd:65 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet) RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 enp0s3: flags=4163 mtu 1500 inet 10.0.2.15 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 10.0.2.255 inet6 fe80::aa2:ef4e:8e39:f70e prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20 ether 08:00:27:77:8d:18 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 1445586277 bytes 99534207139 (92.6 GiB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 724852849 bytes 80007504058 (74.5 GiB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 enp0s8: flags=4163 mtu 1500 inet 192.168.56.66 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.56.255 inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fe20:15a5 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20 ether 08:00:27:20:15:a5 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 8234963 bytes 11649264390 (10.8 GiB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 911044 bytes 201611576 (192.2 MiB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 lo: flags=73 mtu 65536 inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0 inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10 loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback) RX packets 1671278 bytes 133346849 (127.1 MiB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 1671278 bytes 133346849 (127.1 MiB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 |
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