1.神经环路的可塑性  

突触前后神经元的相关活动能够诱导突触传递效率长时程增强（LTP）或减弱（LTD）现象，这是大脑学习记忆的重要突触机制。突触前和突触后神经元的放电的时间顺序是决定突触产生LTP或LTD的关键。这种依赖神经元脉冲时序而定的可塑性--所谓Spike timing-dependent plasticity（STDP）-- 可能是神经系统储存时序信息的机制。我们试图探索大脑皮层是否可以用神经元特定集群的有序放电来编码感觉系统或运动系统信号里的时序信息，并利用神经元集群有序放电产生STDP以储存时序信息, 以及神经元集群里储存的时序信息是如何提取的。我们使用在体多电极、细胞群钙信号、光遗传学等技术来研究这些问题。我们也与脑智卓越创新中心的智能技术方面的研究组合作，探讨如何将神经元突触的可塑性特性融入机器学习的算法，并将脉冲时序信息编码的模式引入人工脉冲神经网络的架构之中。

2.长期记忆的突触储存机制  

长期记忆的储存需要有长期稳定的环路储存机制，突触功能的变化如LTP和LTD是否伴随了突触的构造变化（包括已有突触的形态变化、新突触的产生和已有突触的消失）？通过在体双光子成像，我们对大脑皮层的突触形态和动态做长期的观测，探索与长期记忆相关脑区是否有突触形态和动态的变化，这些变化是否与记忆的形成和消失有因果关系，伴随老化过程和退行性脑疾病的记忆衰退是否与突触形态和动态变化的失常有关？我们使用鼠与猴为动物模型，各种记忆模式（恐惧记忆、图像和语音记忆等）来研究这些问题。

3.高等认知功能的环路基础  

理解最高等认知功能（如自我意识和语言）的神经环路基础，是脑科学的终极领域。我们认为非人灵长类如猕猴和绒猴可用与研究这些功能的神经环路基础。通过多实验室合作，我们期望能通过对非人灵长类的特殊训练和基因操作和与人类的比较研究，开始对这个问题做一下前瞻性探索。

Liu, L., She, L., Chen, M., Liu, T.Y., Lu, H.D., Dan, Y., and Poo, M.M.* (2016) Spatial structure of neuronal receptive field in awake monkey secondary visual cortex (V2). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 113:1913-1918.

Wang, L., Chang, X.Y., She, L., Xu, D., Huang, W., and Poo, M.M.* (2015) Autocrine action of BDNF on dendrite development of adult-born hippocampal neurons. J. Neurosci. 35: 8384-8393.

Jiang, J., Zhang, Z.H., Yuan, X.B., Poo, M.M.*(2015) Spatiotemporal dynamics of traction forces show three contraction centers in migratory neurons. J. Cell Biol. 209:759-774.

Ma, C.Y.*, Yao, M.J., Zhai, Q.W., Jiao, J.W., Yuan, X.B., and Poo, M.M.* (2014) SIRT1 suppresses self-renewal of adult hippocampal neural stem cells. Development 141: 4697-4709.

Xu, M., Zhang, S.Y., Dan, Y., and Poo, M.M.* (2014) Representation of interval timing by temporally scalable firing patterns in rat prefrontal cortex. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 111: 480-485.

Huang, W., She, L., Chang, X.Y., Yang, R.R., Wang, L., Ji, H.B., Jiao, J.W., and Poo, M.M.* (2014) Protein kinase LKB1 regulates polarized dendrite formation of adult hippocampal newborn neurons. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 111: 469-474.

Zhou, J., Wen, Y.Q., She, L., Sui, Y.N., Liu, L., Richards, L., and Poo, M.M.* (2013) Axon position within the corpus callosum determines contralateral cortical projection. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 110: E2714-E2723.

Zhang, Q.F., Wen, Y.Q., Zhang, D., She, L., Wu, J.Y., Dan, Y., and Poo, M.M.* (2012) Priming with real motion biases visual cortical response to bistable apparent motion. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 109: 20691-20696.

Wang, D., She, L., Sui, Y.N., Yuan, X.B., Wen, Y.Q., and Poo, M.M.* (2012) Forward transport of proteins in the plasma membrane of migrating cerebellar granule cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 109: E3558-E3567.

Xu, S.J., Jiang, W.C., Poo, M.M.*, and Dan, Y. (2012) Activity recall in a visual cortical ensemble. Nat. Neurosci. 15:449-455.

Gong, L.Q., He, L.J., Dong, Z.Y., Lu, X.H., Poo, M.M.*, and Zhang, X.H.* (2011) Postinduction requirement of NMDA receptor activation for late-phase long-term potentiation of developing retinotectal synapses in vivo. J. Neurosci. 31: 3328-3335.

Hao, J., Wang, X.D., Dan, Y., Poo, M.M.*, and Zhang, X.H.* (2009) An arithmetic rule for spatial summation of excitatory and inhibitory inputs in pyramidal neurons. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 106: 21906-21911.

Zhang, S.Y., Xu, M., Miao, Q.L., Poo, M.M.*, and Zhang, X.H.* (2009) Endocannabinoid-dependent homeostatic regulation of inhibitory synapses by miniature excitatory synaptic activities. J. Neurosci. 29: 13222-13231.

Song, A.H., Wang, D., Chen, G., Li, Y.J., Luo, J.H., Duan, S.M.*, and Poo, M.M.* (2009) A selective filter for cytoplasmic transport at the axon initial segment. Cell 136: 1148-1160.

Xu, C., Zhao, M.X., Poo, M.M.*, and Zhang, X.H.* (2008) GABA(B) receptor activation mediates frequency-dependent plasticity of developing GABAergic synapses. Nat. Neurosci. 11: 1410-1418.

实验室网址：http://www.cebsit.cas.cn/yjz/pmm_/yjfx/ 

E-mail: [email protected]

电话：021-54921703