中学英语中“一……就”的八种常见译法

在英语学习中，我们发现“一……就”这一意思常有多种翻译方法，使得同学们难以系统掌握，为了便于系统了解，特归纳整理如下：

1. as soon as

(1) I will let you know about it as soon as we come to any conclusion. 我们一得出结论就会告诉你的。

(2) I’ll write you as soon as I get there. 我一到那儿就给你写信。

(3) He made up his mind to set out as soon as he got a reply. 他决定一得到答复就出发。

2. immediately/instantly /directly

(1) I left immediately the clock struck twelve. 钟一敲十二点我就离开了。

(2) She must have written it immediately she got home. 她一定是一到家就写的。

(3) Tell me instantly he arrives.他一到就告诉我。

(4) Directly the teacher came in everyone was quiet. 老师一进来每个人都安静了。

(5) Directly I got to the office I sat down and wrote. 我一到办公室就坐下来开始写。

(6) You shall hear everything directly you come. 你一来就会听见所有的事情了。

3. the moment/the minute/the instant/the second/the time

(1) I gave him the money the moment I saw him. 我一见到他就把钱给他了。

(2) The minute I saw him I knew that there was no hope. 我一见到他就知道没有希望了。

(3) He promised to attend it the instant he reached the office. 他答应一到办公室就去参加。

(4) The second he spoke we recognize his voice. 他一说话我们就听出了他的声音。

(5) The time the students heard the bell, they stopped talking at once. 一听到铃响，学生们就停止了讲话。

4. hardly/scarcely/rarely…when…

(1) Hardly had he arrived in Shanghai when his friends started to show him round the city. 他一到上海，朋友就开始带他游览这个城市。

(2) Rarely had I opened the door when he hit me. 我一打开门他就打我。

(3) Scarcely had he collected the papers on his desk when the door burst open. 他刚整理好桌上的文件门就开了。

5. no sooner…than…

(1) No sooner had he got off the train than his daughter ran towards him. 他一下火车他的女儿就冲他跑了过来。

(2) No sooner had he gone than it happened. 他刚走那事就发生了。

(3) No sooner had he gone to bed than he felt asleep. 他一感到困就上床睡觉了。

6. soon/shortly after

(1) Shortly after the accident happened, the police arrived. 事故一发生警察就到了。

(2) Soon after he finished the homework, he began to watch TV. 他一完成作业就开始看电视了。

7. on

(1) On entering the room, she found the man lying dead on the floor. 一进入屋子她就发现那个男的躺在地上死了。

(2) On reaching the town, he went directly to the hotel. 一到那个镇他就直接去了旅馆。

8. at

At the news of her father’s death, she burst into tears. 一听到她父亲去世的消息她就哭了起来。

试用上述多种译法翻译下列句子：

一听到铃响，学生们就停止了讲话。

(1) As soon as the students heard the bell, they stopped talking at once.

(2) The moment/minute/instant/second/time the students heard the bell, they stopped talking at once.

(3) Immediately/Instantly/Directly the students heard the bell, they stopped talking at once.

(4) Hardly/Rarely/Scarcely had the students heard the bell when they stopped talking at once.

(5) No sooner had the students heard the bell than they stopped talking at once.

(6) Soon/Shortly after the students heard the bell, they stopped talking at once.

(7) On hearing the bell, the students stopped talking at once.

(8) At the sound of the bell, the students stopped talking at once.

参考书目：

1、A. S. Hornby《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》（第四版）商务印书馆牛津大学出版社 1997

2、徐广联《大学英语语法》北京：兵器工业出版社 1983

3、张道真《现代英语用法词典》（重排本）外语教学与研究出版社　2004

4、薄冰主编《新版薄冰高中英语语法考点例析》开明出版社 2006