【运维知识进阶篇】zabbix5.0稳定版详解1（安装+部署+添加服务器+拆分数据库） |
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【运维知识进阶篇】zabbix5.0稳定版详解1（安装+部署+添加服务器+拆分数据库）
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本篇文章介绍zabbix监控，监控是对我们操作系统进行不间断的监控，这是软件生命周期非常重要的一环，可以做到事前告警，事后根据监控内容排查问题（金丝雀，监控重要指标），有问题的时候，运维需要管理运维债务（在软件开发过程中积累的一些技术债务） 目录 监控内容 监控工具 Zabbix安装 1、配置yum源 2、安装zabbix服务 3、安装scl源，更好兼容已经安装的软件包，避免把系统搞烂 4、开启前端的仓库 5、安装php和apache前端 6、安装mariadb 7、配置zabbix数据库 8、导入数据库，初始化数据 9、再次配置数据库 10、修改zabbix连接数据库的信息 11、修改时区 12、启动zabbix进程 13、浏览器访问安装 14、修改语言为中文 15、修改乱码 Zabbix添加监控服务器 1、安装zabbix-agent客户端，准备一台服务器10.0.0.7 2、配置zabbix客户端服务器信息，启动服务端 3、zabbix监控web01 拆分数据库 1、准备一台数据库服务器10.0.0.51安装mariadb 2、导出zabbix服务器zabbix数据库，导入到新的数据库 3、配置WEB连接数据库信息并重启服务 监控内容我们需要监控硬件（磁盘df -h，内存free，磁盘IO，负载CPU，网络），软件服务（端口、进程、状态），业务层面（监控业务数据，订单量，注册用户，充值用户），只要是有值，zabbix都能监控，核心功能就是自定义监控。 监控工具zabbix 硬件 服务状态 自定义监控 Nagions 网络产品 交换机 路由器 中型大型公司使用 Cacti 流量 Open-Falcon 小米公司自研 prometheus 监控kubernetes docker，比zabbix更好 监控宝等等 Zabbix安装服务端：10.0.0.71（配置与监控数量有关，企业中一般是8G内存，4核或6核） 客户端：10.0.0.7，10.0.0.8 系统版本为CentOS7.9 1、配置yum源 rpm -Uvh https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/5.0/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-5.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm yum clean all 2、安装zabbix服务 yum -y install zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-agent 3、安装scl源，更好兼容已经安装的软件包，避免把系统搞烂 yum -y install centos-release-scl 4、开启前端的仓库 [root@Zabbix ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/zabbix.repo [zabbix] name=Zabbix Official Repository - $basearch baseurl=http://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/5.0/rhel/7/$basearch/ enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-ZABBIX-A14FE591 [zabbix-frontend] name=Zabbix Official Repository frontend - $basearch baseurl=http://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/5.0/rhel/7/$basearch/frontend enabled=1 #开这里 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-ZABBIX-A14FE591 [zabbix-debuginfo] name=Zabbix Official Repository debuginfo - $basearch baseurl=http://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/5.0/rhel/7/$basearch/debuginfo/ enabled=0 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-ZABBIX-A14FE591 gpgcheck=1 [zabbix-non-supported] name=Zabbix Official Repository non-supported - $basearch baseurl=http://repo.zabbix.com/non-supported/rhel/7/$basearch/ enabled=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-ZABBIX gpgcheck=1 5、安装php和apache前端 yum -y install zabbix-web-mysql-scl zabbix-apache-conf-scl 6、安装mariadb yum -y install mariadb-server systemctl start mariadb systemctl enable mariadb 7、配置zabbix数据库 [root@Zabbix ~]# mysql -uroot Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 2 Server version: 5.5.68-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]> create database zabbix character set utf8 collate utf8_bin; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> create user zabbix@localhost identified by 'zabbix'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on zabbix.* to zabbix@localhost; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> set global log_bin_trust_function_creators = 1; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> quit; Bye 8、导入数据库，初始化数据 [root@Zabbix ~]# zcat /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql*/create.sql.gz | mysql -uzabbix -p zabbix Enter password: zabbix可以进去检查一下 [root@Zabbix ~]# mysql -uroot Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 5 Server version: 5.5.68-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]> use zabbix Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed MariaDB [zabbix]> show tables; +----------------------------+ | Tables_in_zabbix | +----------------------------+ | acknowledges | | actions | | alerts | | application_discovery | | application_prototype | | application_template | | applications | | auditlog | | auditlog_details | | autoreg_host | | conditions | | config | | config_autoreg_tls | | corr_condition | | corr_condition_group | | corr_condition_tag | | corr_condition_tagpair | | corr_condition_tagvalue | | corr_operation | | correlation | | dashboard | | dashboard_user | | dashboard_usrgrp | | dbversion | | dchecks | | dhosts | | drules | | dservices | | escalations | | event_recovery | | event_suppress | | event_tag | | events | | expressions | | functions | | globalmacro | | globalvars | | graph_discovery | | graph_theme | | graphs | | graphs_items | | group_discovery | | group_prototype | | history | | history_log | | history_str | | history_text | | history_uint | | host_discovery | | host_inventory | | host_tag | | hostmacro | | hosts | | hosts_groups | | hosts_templates | | housekeeper | | hstgrp | | httpstep | | httpstep_field | | httpstepitem | | httptest | | httptest_field | | httptestitem | | icon_map | | icon_mapping | | ids | | images | | interface | | interface_discovery | | interface_snmp | | item_application_prototype | | item_condition | | item_discovery | | item_preproc | | item_rtdata | | items | | items_applications | | lld_macro_path | | lld_override | | lld_override_condition | | lld_override_opdiscover | | lld_override_operation | | lld_override_ophistory | | lld_override_opinventory | | lld_override_opperiod | | lld_override_opseverity | | lld_override_opstatus | | lld_override_optag | | lld_override_optemplate | | lld_override_optrends | | maintenance_tag | | maintenances | | maintenances_groups | | maintenances_hosts | | maintenances_windows | | mappings | | media | | media_type | | media_type_message | | media_type_param | | module | | opcommand | | opcommand_grp | | opcommand_hst | | opconditions | | operations | | opgroup | | opinventory | | opmessage | | opmessage_grp | | opmessage_usr | | optemplate | | problem | | problem_tag | | profiles | | proxy_autoreg_host | | proxy_dhistory | | proxy_history | | regexps | | rights | | screen_user | | screen_usrgrp | | screens | | screens_items | | scripts | | service_alarms | | services | | services_links | | services_times | | sessions | | slides | | slideshow_user | | slideshow_usrgrp | | slideshows | | sysmap_element_trigger | | sysmap_element_url | | sysmap_shape | | sysmap_url | | sysmap_user | | sysmap_usrgrp | | sysmaps | | sysmaps_elements | | sysmaps_link_triggers | | sysmaps_links | | tag_filter | | task | | task_acknowledge | | task_check_now | | task_close_problem | | task_data | | task_remote_command | | task_remote_command_result | | task_result | | timeperiods | | trends | | trends_uint | | trigger_depends | | trigger_discovery | | trigger_tag | | triggers | | users | | users_groups | | usrgrp | | valuemaps | | widget | | widget_field | +----------------------------+ 166 rows in set (0.00 sec) 9、再次配置数据库 [root@Zabbix ~]# mysql -uroot Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 8 Server version: 5.5.68-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]> set global log_bin_trust_function_creators = 0; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> quit Bye 10、修改zabbix连接数据库的信息 [root@Zabbix ~]# egrep ^DB /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf DBName=zabbix DBUser=zabbix DBPassword=zabbix #取消注释 11、修改时区 [root@Zabbix ~]# tail -1 /etc/opt/rh/rh-php72/php-fpm.d/zabbix.conf php_value[date.timezone] = Asia/Shanghai 12、启动zabbix进程 [root@Zabbix ~]# systemctl restart zabbix-server zabbix-agent httpd rh-php72-php-fpm [root@Zabbix ~]# systemctl enable zabbix-server zabbix-agent httpd rh-php72-php-fpm 13、浏览器访问安装
上传windows字体到zabbix中
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