Python PyWin32 模块

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Python PyWin32 模块

2023-11-01 23:46| 来源: 网络整理| 查看: 265

Python的生产效率极高，通过使用pypiwin32模块可以快速调用windows API函数，结合Python的高效开发能力，同等时间内比C++能更快的达到目标，pypiwin32模块封装了Win32下的常用定义，函数方法等。

该项目地址是：https://github.com/mhammond/pywin32

在Python安装路径下\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\Lib\site-packages 有帮助文档：PyWin32.chm

文件类API在模块win32file中，进程类API在模块win32process中，win32con定义了所有的常量，，一些难以分类的API则在模块win32api中（大部分是kernel32.dll导出的API）

ctypes 调用C库printf打印输出

>>> import ctypes >>> # cdll = cdecl标准 windll = stdcall标准 linux则是调用 libc.so.6 >>> msvcrt = ctypes.cdll.LoadLibrary("C:\WINDOWS\system32\msvcrt.dll") >>> msvcrt = ctypes.cdll.msvcrt >>> >>> string = "hello lyshark\n" >>> string = string.encode("utf-8") >>> msvcrt.printf(string) hello lyshark 14

ctypes 调用messagebox输出:

>>> from ctypes import * >>> user32 = windll.LoadLibrary("user32.dll") >>> string = "Hello lyshark\n" >>> string = string.encode("utf-8") >>> >>>user32.MessageBoxA(0,string,"ctypes".encode("utf-8"),0) >>> >>>user32 = windll.LoadLibrary("user32.dll") >>>MessageBox = user32.MessageBoxA >>>print(MessageBox(0,"hello lyshark".encode("utf-8"),"msgbox".encode("utf-8"),0))

ctypes 调用 kernel32

>>> kernel32 = windll.LoadLibrary("kernel32.dll") >>> CreateProcess = kernel32.CreateProcessA >>> ReadProcessMemory = kernel32.ReadProcessMemory

ctypes 声明结构体

from ctypes import * class MyStruct(Structure): _fields_ = [ ("username",c_char*10), ("age",c_int), ("sex",c_long) ] class MyUnion(Union): _fields_ = [ ("a_long",c_long), ("a_int",c_int), ("a_char",c_char*10) ] MyStruct.username = "lyshark" MyStruct.age = 22 print(MyStruct.username)

pywin32常用使用方式

>>> import win32api >>> import win32con >>> >>> win32api.MessageBox(0,"hello lyshark","Msgbox",win32con.MB_OK) 1 >>> import win32process # 打开记事本程序，获得其句柄 >>> handle = win32process.CreateProcess('c:\\windows\\notepad.exe', '', None , None , 0 ,win32process. CREATE_NO_WINDOW , None , None , win32process.STARTUPINFO()) # 使用TerminateProcess函数终止记事本程序 >>> win32process.TerminateProcess(handle[0],0) >>> import win32event # 创建进程获得句柄 >>> handle = win32process.CreateProcess('c:\\windows\\notepad.exe', '', None , None , 0 ,win32process. CREATE_NO_WINDOW , None , None , win32process.STARTUPINFO()) # 等待进程结束 >>> win32event.WaitForSingleObject(handle[0], -1) 0 # 进程结束的返回值 >>> import win32api # 打开记事本程序，在后台运行，即显示记事本程序的窗口 >>> win32api.ShellExecute(0, 'open', 'notepad.exe', '','',0)

鼠标控制

import win32gui import win32api 获取句柄 hwnd = win32gui.FindWindow(classname, titlename) 获取窗口左上角和右下角坐标 left, top, right, bottom = win32gui.GetWindowRect(hwnd) 获取某个句柄的类名和标题 title = win32gui.GetWindowText(hwnd) clsname = win32gui.GetClassName(hwnd) 获取父句柄hwnd类名为clsname的子句柄 hwnd1= win32gui.FindWindowEx(hwnd, None, clsname, None) 获取位置 win32api.GetCursorPos() 鼠标定位到(30,50) win32api.SetCursorPos([30,150]) 执行左单键击，若需要双击则延时几毫秒再点击一次即可 win32api.mouse_event(win32con.MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTUP | win32con.MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTDOWN, 0, 0, 0, 0) 右键单击 win32api.mouse_event(win32con.MOUSEEVENTF_RIGHTUP | win32con.MOUSEEVENTF_RIGHTDOWN, 0, 0, 0, 0) 发送回车键 win32api.keybd_event(13,0,0,0) win32api.keybd_event(13,0,win32con.KEYEVENTF_KEYUP,0) 关闭窗口 win32gui.PostMessage(win32lib.findWindow(classname, titlename), win32con.WM_CLOSE, 0, 0)

鼠标左右键判断

import win32api import win32con b = (0,0) # win32api.GetAsyncKeyState(win32con.VK_LMENU) # VK_LBUTTON 鼠标左键 # VK_RBUTTON 鼠标右键 # https://baike.baidu.com/item/GetAsyncKeyState/918387?fr=aladdin for i in range(100): a = win32api.GetCursorPos() if a != b: b = a print(a) else: print("xx") time.sleep(1)

将上面代码有趣的组合在一起，可以搞事情了，部分片段。

def Write_Dictionaries(LogName,Dict): logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG, format = "%(asctime)s --> %(message)s", datefmt = "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", filename = LogName, filemode = "a+") logging.info(str(Dict)) def RecordingScript(LogName,Sleep): temp = (0,0) mose = {"Pos_x":0, "Pos_y":0, "MouseL":0, "MouseR":0} while True: Position = win32api.GetCursorPos() MouseLeft = win32api.GetAsyncKeyState(win32con.VK_LBUTTON) MouseRight = win32api.GetAsyncKeyState(win32con.VK_RBUTTON) if Position != temp or MouseLeft!=0 or MouseRight!=0: temp = Position mose["Pos_x"] = Position[0] mose["Pos_y"] = Position[1] mose["MouseL"] = MouseLeft mose["MouseR"] = MouseRight Write_Dictionaries(LogName,mose) time.sleep(int(Sleep)) def writelog(): with open("aaa.log","r",encoding="utf-8") as fp: b = [ item.split(" --> ")[1] for item in fp.readlines()] for i in b: dic = eval(i.replace("\n","")) win32api.SetCursorPos(bos) print("坐标:{}".format(bos))

遍历进程模块：便利进程的模块

import os,sys import win32api import win32con import win32process handle = win32api.OpenProcess(win32con.PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS, False, pid ===> 10992 ) hModule = win32process.EnumProcessModules(handle) temp=[] for i in hModule: print(win32process.GetModuleFileNameEx(handle,i)) win32api.CloseHandle(handle)

调用createprocess:

CreateProcess调用 appName：可执行的文件名。 commandLine：命令行参数。 processAttributes：进程安全属性，如果为None，则为默认的安全属性。 threadAttributes：线程安全属性，如果为None，则为默认的安全属性。 bInheritHandles：继承标志。 dwCreationFlags：创建标志。 newEnvironment：创建进程的环境变量。 currentDirectory：进程的当前目录。 startupinfo ：创建进程的属性。 WaitForSingleObject(handle, milisecond) handle : 要操作的进程句柄 milisecond: 等待的时间,如果为-1,则一直等待. >>> import win32process >>> handle=win32process.CreateProcess("d://run.exe", '', None , None , 0 ,win32process.CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE , None , None ,win32process.STARTUPINFO()) >>> win32event.WaitForSingleObject(handle[0],2)

枚举部分进程模块

import win32process import win32api import win32con from ctypes import * import ctypes def GetProcessModules( pid ): handle = win32api.OpenProcess(win32con.PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS, False, pid ) hModule = win32process.EnumProcessModules(handle) temp=[] for i in hModule: temp.append([hex(i),win32process.GetModuleFileNameEx(handle,i)]) win32api.CloseHandle(handle) return temp temp = GetProcessModules(5852) for x in temp: print("[+] 模块地址: {} ------> 模块名称: {}".format(x[0],x[1]))

取出进程PID

handle = win32gui.FindWindow(0,ClassName) threadpid, procpid = win32process.GetWindowThreadProcessId(handle) ProcessModule = GetProcessModules(int(procpid))

枚举所有窗口句柄

import win32gui hwnd_title = dict() def get_all_hwnd(hwnd,mouse): if win32gui.IsWindow(hwnd) and win32gui.IsWindowEnabled(hwnd) and win32gui.IsWindowVisible(hwnd): hwnd_title.update({hwnd:win32gui.GetWindowText(hwnd)}) win32gui.EnumWindows(get_all_hwnd, 0) for h,t in hwnd_title.items(): print(h, t)

shellexec 打开网页或文件

win32api.ShellExecute(None, "open", "C:\\Test.txt", None, None, SW_SHOWNORMAL) # 打开C:\Test.txt 文件 win32api.ShellExecute(None, "open", "http:#www.google.com", None, None, SW_SHOWNORMAL) # 打开网页www.google.com win32api.ShellExecute(None, "explore", "D:\\C++", None, None, SW_SHOWNORMAL) # 打开目录D:\C++ win32api.ShellExecute(None, "print", "C:\\Test.txt", None, None, SW_HIDE) # 打印文件C:\Test.txt win32api.ShellExecute(None,"open", "mailto:", None, None, SW_SHOWNORMAL) # 打开邮箱 win32api.ShellExecute(None, "open", "calc.exe", None, None, SW_SHOWNORMAL) # 调用计算器 win32api.ShellExecute(None, "open", "NOTEPAD.EXE", None, None, SW_SHOWNORMAL) # 调用记事本

窗口句柄操作：代码来自：https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/76168918

import time import win32gui import win32api import win32con """ 该类实现了:查找(定位)句柄信息，菜单信息 """ class HandleMenu(object): def __init__(self, cls_name=None, title=None): self.handle = win32gui.FindWindow(cls_name, title) self.window_list = [] def call_back(self, sub_handle, sub_handles): # Edit 20de0 """遍历子窗体""" title = win32gui.GetWindowText(sub_handle) cls_name = win32gui.GetClassName(sub_handle) print(title, '+', cls_name) position = win32gui.GetWindowRect(sub_handle) aim_point = round(position[0] + (position[2] - position[0]) / 2), round( position[1] + (position[3] - position[1]) / 2) win32api.SetCursorPos(aim_point) time.sleep(1) # 鼠标点击 # win32api.mouse_event(win32con.MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTDOWN, 0, 0) # time.sleep(0.05) # win32api.mouse_event(win32con.MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTUP, 0, 0) # time.sleep(0.05) # ComboBox - --------- # Edit - --------- if cls_name == 'ComboBox': win32gui.SendMessage(sub_handle, win32con.WM_SETTEXT, None, '902723') time.sleep(1) sub_handles.append({'cls_name': cls_name, 'title': title}) return True def get_sub_handles(self): """通过父句柄获取子句柄""" sub_handles = [] win32gui.EnumChildWindows(self.handle, self.call_back, sub_handles) print(sub_handles) return sub_handles def get_menu_text(self, menu, idx): import win32gui_struct mii, extra = win32gui_struct.EmptyMENUITEMINFO() # 新建一个win32gui的空的结构体mii win32gui.GetMenuItemInfo(menu, idx, True, mii) # 将子菜单内容获取到mii ftype, fstate, wid, hsubmenu, hbmpchecked, hbmpunchecked, \ dwitemdata, text, hbmpitem = win32gui_struct.UnpackMENUITEMINFO(mii) # 解包mii return text def get_menu(self): """menu操作（记事本）""" menu = win32gui.GetMenu(self.handle) menu1 = win32gui.GetSubMenu(menu, 0) # 第几个菜单 0-第一个 cmd_ID = win32gui.GetMenuItemID(menu1, 3) # 第几个子菜单 win32gui.PostMessage(self.handle, win32con.WM_COMMAND, cmd_ID, 0) menu_text1 = [self.get_menu_text(menu, i) for i in range(5)] menu_text2 = [self.get_menu_text(menu1, i) for i in range(9)] print(menu_text1) print(menu_text2) def get_all_window_info(self, hwnd, nouse): # 去掉下面这句就所有都输出了，但是我不需要那么多 if win32gui.IsWindow(hwnd) and win32gui.IsWindowEnabled(hwnd) and win32gui.IsWindowVisible(hwnd): # 设置为最前窗口 win32gui.SetForegroundWindow(hwnd) # 获取某个句柄的标题和类名 title = win32gui.GetWindowText(hwnd) cls_name = win32gui.GetClassName(hwnd) d = {'类名': cls_name, '标题': title} info = win32gui.GetWindowRect(hwnd) aim_point = round(info[0] + (info[2] - info[0]) / 2), round(info[1] + (info[3] - info[1]) / 2) win32api.SetCursorPos(aim_point) time.sleep(2) self.window_list.append(d) def get_all_windows(self): """获取所有活动窗口的类名、标题""" win32gui.EnumWindows(self.get_all_window_info, 0) return self.window_list if __name__ == '__main__': # 1.通过父句柄获取子句柄 # hm=HandleMenu(title='另存为') # hm.get_sub_handles() # 2.menu操作 # hm=HandleMenu(title='aa - 记事本') # hm.get_menu() # 3.获取所有活动窗口的类名、标题 hm = HandleMenu() hm.get_all_windows()

鼠标操作：

import win32api import win32gui import win32con import win32print import time # 1 获取句柄 # 1.1 通过坐标获取窗口句柄 handle = win32gui.WindowFromPoint(win32api.GetCursorPos()) # (259, 185) # 1.2 获取最前窗口句柄 handle = win32gui.GetForegroundWindow() # 1.3 通过类名或查标题找窗口 handle = win32gui.FindWindow('cls_name', "title") # 1.4 找子窗体 sub_handle = win32gui.FindWindowEx(handle, None, 'Edit', None) # 子窗口类名叫“Edit” # 句柄操作 title = win32gui.GetWindowText(handle) cls_name = win32gui.GetClassName(handle) print({'类名': cls_name, '标题': title}) # 获取窗口位置 info = win32gui.GetWindowRect(handle) # 设置为最前窗口 win32gui.SetForegroundWindow(handle) # 2.按键-看键盘码 # 获取鼠标当前位置的坐标 cursor_pos = win32api.GetCursorPos() # 将鼠标移动到坐标处 win32api.SetCursorPos((200, 200)) # 回车 win32api.keybd_event(13, 0, win32con.KEYEVENTF_EXTENDEDKEY, 0) win32api.keybd_event(13, 0, win32con.KEYEVENTF_KEYUP, 0) # 左单键击 win32api.mouse_event(win32con.MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTUP | win32con.MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTDOWN, 0, 0, 0, 0) # 右键单击 win32api.mouse_event(win32con.MOUSEEVENTF_RIGHTUP | win32con.MOUSEEVENTF_RIGHTDOWN, 0, 0, 0, 0) # 鼠标左键按下-放开 win32api.mouse_event(win32con.MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTDOWN, 0, 0, 0, 0) win32api.mouse_event(win32con.MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTUP, 0, 0, 0, 0) # 鼠标右键按下-放开 win32api.mouse_event(win32con.MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTDOWN, 0, 0, 0, 0) win32api.mouse_event(win32con.MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTUP, 0, 0, 0, 0) # TAB键 win32api.keybd_event(win32con.VK_TAB, 0, 0, 0) win32api.keybd_event(win32con.VK_TAB, 0, win32con.KEYEVENTF_KEYUP, 0) # 快捷键Alt+F win32api.keybd_event(18, 0, 0, 0) # Alt win32api.keybd_event(70, 0, 0, 0) # F win32api.keybd_event(70, 0, win32con.KEYEVENTF_KEYUP, 0) # 释放按键 win32api.keybd_event(18, 0, win32con.KEYEVENTF_KEYUP, 0) # 3.Message win = win32gui.FindWindow('Notepad', None) tid = win32gui.FindWindowEx(win, None, 'Edit', None) # 输入文本 win32gui.SendMessage(tid, win32con.WM_SETTEXT, None, '你好hello word!') # 确定 win32gui.SendMessage(handle, win32con.WM_COMMAND, 1, btnhld) # 关闭窗口 win32gui.PostMessage(win32gui.FindWindow('Notepad', None), win32con.WM_CLOSE, 0, 0) # 回车 win32gui.PostMessage(tid, win32con.WM_KEYDOWN, win32con.VK_RETURN, 0) # 插入一个回车符,post 没有返回值，执行完马上返回 win32gui.PostMessage(tid, win32con.WM_KEYDOWN, win32con.VK_RETURN, 0) print("%x" % win) print("%x" % tid) # 选项框 res = win32api.MessageBox(None, "Hello Pywin32", "pywin32", win32con.MB_YESNOCANCEL) print(res) win32api.MessageBox(0, "Hello PYwin32", "MessageBox", win32con.MB_OK | win32con.MB_ICONWARNING) # 加警告标志

针对PDF处理：

from win32con import SW_HIDE, SW_SHOWNORMAL for fn in ['2.txt', '3.txt']: print(fn) res = win32api.ShellExecute(0, # 指定父窗口句柄 'print', # 指定动作, 譬如: open、print、edit、explore、find fn, # 指定要打开的文件或程序 win32print.GetDefaultPrinter(), # 给要打开的程序指定参数;GetDefaultPrinter　　取得默认打印机名称 ,GetDefaultPrinterW　　取得默认打印机名称 "./downloads/", # 目录路径 SW_SHOWNORMAL) # 打开选项,SW_HIDE = 0; {隐藏},SW_SHOWNORMAL = 1; {用最近的大小和位置显示, 激活} print(res) # 返回值大于32表示执行成功,返回值小于32表示执行错误 # 打印 -pdf def print_pdf(pdf_file_name): """ 静默打印pdf :param pdf_file_name: :return: """ # GSPRINT_PATH = resource_path + 'GSPRINT\\gsprint' GHOSTSCRIPT_PATH = resource_path + 'GHOSTSCRIPT\\bin\\gswin32c' # gswin32c.exe currentprinter = config.printerName # "printerName":"FUJI XEROX ApeosPort-VI C3370\"" currentprinter = win32print.GetDefaultPrinter() arg = '-dPrinted ' \ '-dBATCH ' \ '-dNOPAUSE ' \ '-dNOSAFER ' \ '-dFitPage ' \ '-dNORANGEPAGESIZE ' \ '-q ' \ '-dNumCopies=1 ' \ '-sDEVICE=mswinpr2 ' \ '-sOutputFile="\\\\spool\\' \ + currentprinter + " " + \ pdf_file_name log.info(arg) win32api.ShellExecute( 0, 'open', GHOSTSCRIPT_PATH, arg, ".", 0 ) # os.remove(pdf_file_name)

截屏：

from PIL import ImageGrab # 利用PIL截屏 im = ImageGrab.grab() im.save('aa.jpg') # 5.文件的读写 import win32file, win32api, win32con import os def SimpleFileDemo(): testName = os.path.join(win32api.GetTempPath(), "opt_win_file.txt") if os.path.exists(testName): os.unlink(testName) # os.unlink() 方法用于删除文件,如果文件是一个目录则返回一个错误。 # 写 handle = win32file.CreateFile(testName, win32file.GENERIC_WRITE, 0, None, win32con.CREATE_NEW, 0, None) test_data = "Hello\0there".encode("ascii") win32file.WriteFile(handle, test_data) handle.Close() # 读 handle = win32file.CreateFile(testName, win32file.GENERIC_READ, 0, None, win32con.OPEN_EXISTING, 0, None) rc, data = win32file.ReadFile(handle, 1024) handle.Close() # 此处也可使用win32file.CloseHandle(handle)来关闭句柄 if data == test_data: print("Successfully wrote and read a file") else: raise Exception("Got different data back???") os.unlink(testName) if __name__ == '__main__': SimpleFileDemo() # print(win32api.GetTempPath()) # 获取临时文件夹路径

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Python PyWin32 模块

Python PyWin32 模块

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