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【知识点汇总】新人教版 必修一 Welcome Unit【词汇短语】1. I’m an exchange student from the UK. (P2)我是来自英国的交换生。exchange / ks t e nd /(1) n. 交换；交流【搭配】an exchange student 一位交换生in exchange (for ...) 作为（对……的）交换【例句】When I was a middle school student I came to China as an exchange student.我上中学的时候，我作为交换生来到中国。Mary is teaching me English in exchange for my teaching her English.玛丽教我英语，作为交换，我教她汉语。(2) vt. 交换；交流；交易；兑换【搭配】exchange ... for ... 把……换取/兑换……exchange sth with sb 与某人交流/交换某物exchange ideas/opinions/views/words 交流想法/观点【例句】When we go to America, we have to exchange RMB for dollars.当我们去美国的时候，我们必须把人民币换成美元。Before making the decision, he exchanged ideas with his parents.在做这个决定之前，他和父母交流了想法。2. in the lecture hall (P2)在阶梯教室lecture / lekt (r)/n. 讲座；讲课；教训【搭配】a lecture about/on ... 关于……的讲座give/deliver a lecture/lectures 开讲座，讲课go to/attend the/one’s lecture 听讲座give sb a lecture about ... 告诫/教训某人……【例句】He regularly gives lectures on modern French literature.他经常作有关现代法国文学的讲座。Very few students ever attended his lectures.很少有学生去听他的课。My father caught me and gave me a long lecture about the dangers of drink.父亲拉住我，对我长篇说教，讲喝酒的坏处。vi. （开）讲座；讲课lecture in/on ... 开讲座，讲课vt. 训斥lecture sb about/on ... 告诫/训斥某人……3. in the registration office (P2)在登记处registration / red stre n/ n. 登记；注册；挂号【拓展】register / red st (r)/ vt. & vi. 登记；注册register for 注册，登记【例句】Register online or fill out a Group Play Registration Form with multiple date and start time options.在线注册或者填写一个有多个日期和开始时间选项的团体游注册表格。4. Responses (P3) 回答，答复response /r sp ns/ n. [C, U] 回答，答复；反应，响应【搭配】in response to ... 作为对……的答复make a/no response to ... 对……作出/不作答复（回应）【拓展】respond vt. & vi. 回答，回应 vi. 作出反应，响应respond to sb/sth (with sth) 以……回应……【例句】She opened the door in response to the knock at the door.听到敲门声，她打开了门。Carl made no response and went on with his meal.卡尔没有回答，继续吃饭。He responded to my suggestion with a laugh.他对我的建议报以一笑。5. So this is it—senior high school at last! (P4)就是这样——高中生活终于来了！senior /'si:ni (r)/ adj. 级别（或地位）高的 n. 较年长的人【搭配】be senior to sb 比某人年长；比某人的地位/职位高【例句】Television and radio needed many more women in senior jobs.电视和广播领域需要有更多女性来担任高级职位。Williams felt himself to be senior to all of them.威廉斯自认为比他们所有人资格都要老。My brother is my senior by two years.我哥哥比我大两岁。Seniors can get a 10% discount.老年人可以享受10%的折扣。6. I’m not outgoing so I’m a little anxious right now. (P4)我不是外向的人，所以现在我有点儿担忧。anxious / k s/ adj. 焦虑的；不安的【搭配】be anxious for sb/about sth = be worried about ... 为……担心/担忧be anxious for ... = be eager for ... 渴望……be anxious (for sb) to do sth 渴望（某人）做某事【拓展】anxiety n. 担心，忧虑；渴望with anxiety 焦虑地【例句】Parents are naturally anxious for their children.父母自然为儿女担心。She is anxious to go to college, but is also anxious about not being able to pass the College Entrance Examination.她渴望上大学，但又担心不能通过高考。7. I want to make a good first impression. (P4)我想给他人留下好的第一印象。impression / m'pre n/ n. 印象；感想【搭配】make an impression 留下好印象have/get an impression of 对……有……印象leave/make a(n) ... impression on sb 给某人留下……印象【例句】I have a very good impression of him.我对他的印象很好。She leaves us with an impression of being very busy.她给我们留下的印象是特别忙。The new teacher left/made a good impression on the students.这位新老师给学生们留下了一个好印象。【拓展】impress / m pres/ vt. 使钦佩；给……留下深刻的好印象 vi. 留下印象；引人注目be impressed with/by ... 对……印象深刻impress sth on sb = impress sb with sth 使某人牢记某事impressive adj. 给人印象深刻的，令人钦佩的【例句】The candidate impressed us with his qualifications.那位候选人的资历给我们留下了深刻的印象。Her first performance was very impressive.她的首次演出令人难忘。8. I couldn’t concentrate on the experiment. (P4)我无法集中在实验上。concentrate /'k nsntre t/ vi. & vt. 集中（注意力）；聚精会神【搭配】concentrate on 集中精力于【拓展】concentration n. 集中；专心concentrated adj. 全力以赴的；集中的；浓缩的【例句】All that noise makes it hard to concentrate.这些噪声让人难以集中注意力。All that noise makes it hard to concentrate on the book I’m trying to read.这些噪声让我难以聚精会神地读这本书。9. I really wanted to tell him to please be quiet and leave me alone. (P4)我真的很想跟他说，请安静些，不要打扰我。leave ... alone 不打扰；不惊动【例句】Please leave the baby alone. She needs to sleep.请别逗宝宝了。她得睡觉了。She asked to be left alone but the reporter followed her all the way.她要求别打扰她，但是记者一路都跟着她。10. I feel much more confident than I felt this morning. (P4)我现在感觉比早晨自信多了。confident /'k nf d nt/ adj. 自信的；有把握的【搭配】be confident about 对……有信心be confident about/of (doing) sth 对（做）……有把握be confident that ... 确信……【例句】Many students are not confident about themselves, so they are afraid of talking with foreigners.许多学生对自己没有信心，所以他们害怕和外国人交谈。The team is confident of winning.这个队有把握取胜。We are confident that the environment will be improved by our further efforts to reduce pollution.我们确信环境会在我们进一步减少污染的努力下得到改善。【拓展】confidence /'k nf d ns/ n. 信心；信任have/lose confidence in ... 对……有/失去信心have confidence to do sth 有信心做某事with confidence 有信心地【例句】As parents, we should encourage our children to have confidence in themselves.作为家长，我们应当鼓励孩子们对自己有信心。11. Tom is looking forward to meeting the new exchange student. (P6)汤姆期待着见到新来的交换生。forward / f :w d/ adv. (also forwards) 向前；前进 adj. 向前的；前进的【搭配】look forward to 盼望；期待（* to为介词，故其后可接名词、代词或v-ing作宾语，不接动词不定式）【例句】The students are looking forward to having an opportunity to explore society for real-life experience.学生们盼望有一个踏足社会寻求实际人生经验的机会。I hope you can accept our invitation. And I’m looking forward to your early reply.我希望你能接受我们的邀请。我期待着您的早日回复。The email she had looked forward to arrived yesterday at last and she was very happy.她期盼的邮件昨天终于来了，她很开心。12. And, after a long day of study, he likes to watch the sun go down and wait for the stars tocome out. (P6)一整天的学习之后，他喜欢看着太阳落山，等待星星出来。go down(1) （日、月）落到地平线下，落下；（船等）下沉，沉没【例句】I like watching the sun go down over the ocean.我喜欢看海上落日。The ship went down to the bottom of the sea on a stormy night.那艘船在一个暴风雨之夜沉入海底。(2) （物价等）下跌，（温度等）下降【例句】The price of new houses in the city has gone down since the end of March.自三月底以来这个城市的新房价格下降。(3) 被记下，被写下，载入（*不用于被动语态）【搭配】go down in history 名垂青史【例句】The firemen who died when they were fighting the fire will go down in history for their brave deeds.在救火中牺牲的消防队员因为勇敢的行为而被后人铭记。13. And, after a long day of study, he likes to watch the sun go down and wait for the stars tocome out. (P6)一整天的学习之后，他喜欢看着太阳落山，等待星星出来。come out(1) （太阳、月亮或星星）出现，露出【例句】The sun had come out to warm his back.太阳出来了，把他后背晒得暖洋洋的。(2) （花）盛开【例句】I will remember the day forever when the tulips in the garden started to come out.我会永远记得花园里的郁金香刚刚开放的那一天。(3) 被获知，为人所知【例句】The truth is beginning to come out about what happened.真相开始逐渐浮出水面。(4) 出版，发行【例句】When will your new book come out 你的新书什么时候出版？14. How does Li Ming organise his thoughts (P7)李明是如何组织他的思路的？organise (organize) /' :g na z/ vt. 组织；筹备；安排；组建 vi. 组建；成立【例句】Our school organised a visit to the museum last month.我们学校上个月组织参观了博物馆。Who is going to organise the party tonight 谁来筹办今晚的聚会？You should try and organise your time better.你应该尽量更有效地安排你的时间。【拓展】organiser n. 组织者，安排者organised adj. 有组织的；有条理的well/badly organised 组织得好/不好；有/没有条理organisation (organization) n. 组织；团体；机构the World Health Organisation 世界卫生组织【例句】The students set up an organisation, which organises regular activities to help the students with unhealthy habits to live an organised life.学生们建立了一个组织，定期组织活动帮助那些习惯不良的学生们去过有条理的生活。15. I have learning goals and make plans for my English studies. (P7)我制定学习目标，并且制作我的英语学习计划。goal /ɡ l/ n. 目标；球门；射门【搭配】a long-term goal 长期目标set a goal 制定目标share/have a common goal 拥有共同的目标achieve/reach/realize/accomplish a goal 实现目标【例句】The goal was disallowed.那一次进球得分被判无效。Chang’e 4 has realized the goal of landing.嫦娥四号实现了着陆的目标。16. What learning strategies do you and your partner share (P7)你和你的伙伴分享什么学习策略？strategy /'str t d i/ n. 策略；策划【例句】Skimming is a kind of reading strategy.略读是一种阅读策略。But the downturn is making companies rethink their strategies.但经济衰退使得企业重新考虑自己的战略。17. What is the best way for you to improve your reading skills How about writing (P7)对你而言，提高阅读技巧的最好方法是什么？提高写作技巧呢？improve / m pru:v/ vi. & vt. 改进；改善【例句】I need to improve my French.我需要提高我的法语水平。Her writing has improved since the beginning of the school year.自本学年开始以来，她的写作有了进步。This operation will greatly improve her chances of survival.这次手术将大大地提高她存活的机会。18. I’m curious about everything. (P8)我对每件事都充满好奇。curious /'kj ri s/ adj. 好奇的；求知欲强的【搭配】be curious about 对……感到好奇be curious to do ... 很想做……，渴望做……【例句】I’m curious to know what they are talking about.我很想知道他们正在讨论什么。People have always been curious about exactly how life on earth began.人们一直好奇地球上的生命究竟是如何开始的。【拓展】curiosity n. 好奇心，求知欲with curiosity 好奇地out of curiosity 出于好奇meet/satisfy one’s curiosity 满足某人的好奇心【例句】Children are always curious about everything they see and hear. They will ask different kinds of questions out of curiosity. To meet their curiosity, we’d better answer them patiently.孩子们总是对他们的所见所闻感到好奇。出于好奇，他们会问各种各样的问题。为了满足他们的好奇心，我们最好耐心地回答他们。19. My dream is to start my own IT company! (P8)我的梦想是创办一家自己的信息技术公司！company /'k mp ni/ n. 公司；商行；陪伴【搭配】keep sb company = accompany sb 陪伴某人【例句】I used to work as a volunteer in a a state-owned company.我曾经在一家国营公司做志愿者工作。I’ll keep you company while you’re waiting.你等待时我会陪伴你。20. personality / p :s 'n l ti/ n. 性格；个性【拓展】personal adj. 个性的；个人的；私人的；亲自（做）的personally adv. 个人地；就个人来讲；亲自【例句】His wife has a strong personality.她妻子的个性很强。This book is based on personal experience.本书是根据个人经历写成的。Personally speaking, I’ve always preferred Chinese food.就我个人来讲，我总是偏爱中国菜。21. Get your draft back and revise it.拿回你的草稿并进行修改。revise /r va z/ vt. & vi. 修改；修订；复习【拓展】revision n. 修改，修订；修订本，订正本；复习，温习【例句】I can’t come out tonight. I have to revise.我今晚不能出去。我得复习。Every time you fail, go back to your plan and revise it.每次你失败的时候，回看你的计划并修改它。【语法知识】1. What if no one talks to me (P4)要是没人跟我说话怎么办？“What if ... ”句型，后面常跟一个完整的句子，且句子通常用现在时或过去时。(1) 如果……怎么办？要是……会怎么样呢？（尤指令人不愉快的事情发生时）【例句】What if the family had simply left the cat behind 如果这家人只是把猫遗弃了怎么办？(2) 如果……怎么样？（用于表示提出有益的建议）【例句】What if you join us for lunch 同我们一起吃午饭怎么样？What if we move the sofa over here Would that look better 要是我们把沙发挪到这边来会怎么样？那样看上去会不会好一些？2. I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful. (P4)我发现大部分同学和老师都很友好且乐于助人。句式：主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语（find+宾语+形容词）“find+宾语+形容词”结构属于“find+宾语+宾补”结构的一种形式，意为“发现/觉得……”，宾语通常是名词或代词。【例句】I found the class interesting and exciting.我觉得这堂课有趣又令人兴奋。When I got home, I found the door open.我到家时，发现门开着。3. 简单句的八种基本句型(1) 主语+谓语（SV） & (2)主语+谓语+状语（SVA）特点：谓语动词是不及物动词，本身能表达完整的意思，后面不需接宾语，但有时后跟状语修饰动词。状语一般由副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、名词、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来担当。其位置一般放在句末，但也可放在句首或句中。The rain stopped. (SV)雨停了。The time passed quickly. (SVA)时间过得很快。The old man walks in the park every morning. (SVA)那个老人每天早上在公园里散步。(3) 主语+表语（SP）特点：动词不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语的身份、特征、类属、状态等的表语。系动词除了be动词之外，还有：①表示感官的动词：feel, appear, look, smell, taste, sound等；②表示状态延续的动词：remain, stay, keep, continue等；③表示转变、变化的动词：become, get, turn, go, run, fall, come, grow等。My sister is a nurse.我姐姐是个护士。I feel quite hungry.我感觉很饿。Leaves turn yellow in autumn.秋天树叶变黄了。(4) 主语+谓语+宾语（SVO） & (5) 主语+谓语+宾语+状语（SVOA）特点：谓语动词是及物动词，不能表达完整的意思，其后必须要接一个宾语，即动作的承受者。作宾语的可以是：名词、代词、动词不定式、疑问词＋动词不定式、动词-ing形式和从句等。有时宾语后会接副词、介词短语、不定式等作状语。We are learning English. (SVO)我们正在学习英语。I don’t know how to get there. (SVO)我不知道怎么去那儿。I like to stay at home on Sundays. (SVOA)星期天我喜欢待在家里。主语+谓语+双宾语（S V IO DO)特点：谓语动词后接有两个宾语，这两个宾语都是动作的对象或承受者，其中指人的是间接宾语，指物的是直接宾语。当间接宾语放在直接宾语之后时，其前通常需要加介词for或to。Her mother bought her a skirt. (S V IO DO)她妈妈给她买了一条裙子。Mr Li told an interesting story to us. (S V DO IO)李先生给我们讲了一个非常有趣的故事。【点津】常跟双宾语的动词：bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, promise, return, send, show, teach, tell, write, buy, call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order, sing, save, spare等。(7) 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语（SVOC)特点：谓语动词后虽然已接有一个宾语，但意思还不完整，必须再加上另外一个成分（宾语补足语）对宾语进行补充说明。可以用作宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语等。The news made us very sad.那个消息令我们非常难过。The teacher asked us to answer the question.老师叫我们回答那个问题。I heard my name called.我听到有人在叫我的名字。【点津】用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面以使句子结构平衡，是英语常用的结构。即：“主语+谓语+it+宾补+真正的宾语”，it作形式宾语，通常和下列动词连用：consider, think, make, find, believe, feel, guess, imagine, judge, prove, see, suppose, take等。(8) There be结构特点：There be ... 意思是“有”，表示“人或事物的存在”或“某地有某物”。There be ...属倒装结构，后面的名词是句子的主语。There be中的be有时可以是lie, stand, used to be, seem to be, appear to be等。There are lots of people who can actually help you.有许多可以真正帮助你的人。There stood the postman in his gray suit with yellow buttons.那里站着邮递员，他穿着带有黄色纽扣的灰色制服。There seems to be something wrong with this computer.看来这台计算机可能有毛病。

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