树莓派 4b 配置 USB 网络连接

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树莓派 4b 配置 USB 网络连接

2023-10-27 08:25| 来源: 网络整理| 查看: 265

树莓派 4b 配置 USB 网络连接

树莓派镜像: 2022-09-22-raspios-bullseye-arm64.img

电脑: windows 10

1 打开树莓派的 USB 网络在 /boot/config.txt 最后一行添加 dtoverlay=dwc2。

例如：

# .... [all] dtoverlay=dwc2 在 /boot/cmdline.txt 中 rootwait 后添加 modules-load=dwc2,g_ether。

例如：

console=serial0,115200 console=tty1 root=PARTUUID=3d7323dc-02 rootfstype=ext4 fsck.repair=yes rootwait modules-load=dwc2,g_ether quiet splash plymouth.ignore-serial-consoles 重启树莓派 sudo reboot 2 在 windows 上安装 Linux USB Ethernet/RNDIS Gadget 驱动将树莓派充电的 type-c 口，使用手机数据线连接到电脑上。打开设备管理器，此时 windows 系统将设备识别成 COM 口。在这里插入图片描述

2.1 下载驱动

驱动下载链接:

RPI Driver OTG

百度网盘(提取码: e69j)

如果没有安装 VS 或者不用自己编译驱动，建议直接跳到 2.3 小节。

2.2 自己编译驱动（需要安装VS）编写 linux.inf 文件，内容为 ; Based on template INF file found at ; ; which was: ; Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation ; and released under the MLPL as found at: ; . ; For use only on Windows operating systems. [Version] Signature = "$Windows NT$" Class = Net ClassGUID = {4d36e972-e325-11ce-bfc1-08002be10318} Provider = %Linux% DriverVer = 10/10/2020,6.1.6000.16384 CatalogFile = linux.cat [Manufacturer] %Linux% = LinuxDevices,NTx86,NTamd64,NTia64 ; Decoration for x86 architecture [LinuxDevices.NTx86] %LinuxDevice% = RNDIS.NT.5.1, USB\VID_0525&PID_a4a2, USB\VID_1d6b&PID_0104&MI_00 ; Decoration for x64 architecture [LinuxDevices.NTamd64] %LinuxDevice% = RNDIS.NT.5.1, USB\VID_0525&PID_a4a2, USB\VID_1d6b&PID_0104&MI_00 ; Decoration for ia64 architecture [LinuxDevices.NTia64] %LinuxDevice% = RNDIS.NT.5.1, USB\VID_0525&PID_a4a2, USB\VID_1d6b&PID_0104&MI_00 ;@@@ This is the common setting for setup [ControlFlags] ExcludeFromSelect=* ; DDInstall section ; References the in-build Netrndis.inf [RNDIS.NT.5.1] Characteristics = 0x84 ; NCF_PHYSICAL + NCF_HAS_UI BusType = 15 ; NEVER REMOVE THE FOLLOWING REFERENCE FOR NETRNDIS.INF include = netrndis.inf needs = Usb_Rndis.ndi AddReg = Rndis_AddReg_Vista ; DDInstal.Services section [RNDIS.NT.5.1.Services] include = netrndis.inf needs = Usb_Rndis.ndi.Services ; Optional registry settings. You can modify as needed. [RNDIS_AddReg_Vista] HKR, NDI\params\VistaProperty, ParamDesc, 0, %Vista_Property% HKR, NDI\params\VistaProperty, type, 0, "edit" HKR, NDI\params\VistaProperty, LimitText, 0, "12" HKR, NDI\params\VistaProperty, UpperCase, 0, "1" HKR, NDI\params\VistaProperty, default, 0, " " HKR, NDI\params\VistaProperty, optional, 0, "1" ; No sys copyfiles - the sys files are already in-build ; (part of the operating system). ; We do not support XP SP1-, 2003 SP1-, ME, 9x. [Strings] Linux = "Linux Developer Community" LinuxDevice = "Linux USB Ethernet/RNDIS Gadget" Vista_Property = "Optional Vista Property" 编写 DriverHelper.ps1 文件，内容为 # script parameters param( [ValidateSet("Sign", "UntrustCertificates")] [string] $Mode = "Sign", [string] $InfFile, [string] $CommonName = "linux.local", [switch] $Force ) $ErrorActionPreference = "Stop" # check if this script is run as administrator If (-NOT ([Security.Principal.WindowsPrincipal] [Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent()).IsInRole([Security.Principal.WindowsBuiltInRole]::Administrator)) { Write-Error "You are not an Administrator. This script needs to be run by an Adminsitrator!" } # check if InfFile exists if(-NOT (Test-Path -Path $InfFile)) { Write-Error "$InfFile not found!" } # utility functions function Step { param([string] $Desc, [System.Management.Automation.ScriptBlock] $Code) Write-Output "[*] $Desc"; Invoke-Command -ScriptBlock $Code } function Get-CertificateThumbprint { param([string] $FilePath) $cert = New-Object System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Certificate2 $cert.Import($(Resolve-Path $FilePath)) return $cert.Thumbprint } # Get Kits root try { $InstalledRoots = Get-ItemProperty -Path "Registry::HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows Kits\Installed Roots" $WinKits = $InstalledRoots.KitsRoot10 $ToolsPrefix = "$($WinKits)\bin\10.0.18362.0\x64" } catch { Write-Error "Could not locate the Windows Driver Kit. Head to https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/drivers/download-the-wdk and download the WDK" } function RunKit { param([Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string] $ToolName, [string[]] $Arguments) Write-Output "Running $($ToolsPrefix)\$($ToolName)" $Proc = Start-Process -FilePath "$($ToolsPrefix)\$($ToolName)" -ArgumentList $Arguments -NoNewWindow -PassThru -Wait if ($Proc.ExitCode -NE 0) { Write-Error "Process failed with exit code: $($Proc.ExitCode)" } } # Script vars $CatFile = [io.path]::GetFileNameWithoutExtension($InfFile) + ".cat" $CertFile = [io.path]::GetFileNameWithoutExtension($InfFile) + ".cer" # Scripts function DoSign { # verify that the Inf file contains a "Catalog" entry if (-NOT (Select-String -Path $InfFile -Pattern "CatalogFile" -CaseSensitive -SimpleMatch -Quiet)) { Write-Error "Could not find the 'CatalogFile' entry inside the INF file! Make sure it points to a certificate with the same Name." } Step -Desc "Create Catalog file" -Code { New-FileCatalog -Path $InfFile -CatalogFilePath $CatFile -CatalogVersion 2.0 } if (-NOT (Test-Path -Path $CertFile) -OR $Force) { Step -Desc "Create a Test Certificate" -Code { # see https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/drivers/install/creating-test-certificates # This will create a self-signed certificate and store it in the Personal certificate stora on the local machine. RunKit -ToolName "makecert.exe" -Arguments "-r -sr LocalMachine -ss My -pe -n CN=$($CommonName) -eku 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.3 $CertFile" } Step -Desc "Import the Test Certificate into the Local Computer Trusted Root CAs and Trusted Publishers stores" -Code { Import-Certificate -FilePath $CertFile -CertStoreLocation Cert:\LocalMachine\Root Import-Certificate -FilePath $CertFile -CertStoreLocation Cert:\LocalMachine\TrustedPublisher } } else { Write-Output "Certificate already exists. Using $CertFile. If you still want to create a new one, use the -Force option" } Step -Desc "Sign the Catalog with the Test Certificate" -Code { # see https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/drivers/install/test-signing-a-catalog-file RunKit -ToolName "signtool.exe" -Arguments "sign /v /sm /s My /n $($CommonName) /t http://timestamp.digicert.com $($CatFile)" } Write-Output "Successfully singed the driver and added the certificate to the trusted store." } function DoUntrustCertificates { Step -Desc "Remove the Test Certificate from the Local Computer Trusted Root CAs and Trusted Publishers stores" -Code { $thumbprint = Get-CertificateThumbprint -FilePath $CertFile Remove-Item -Path ("Cert:\LocalMachine\My\$($thumbprint)") Remove-Item -Path ("Cert:\LocalMachine\Root\$($thumbprint)") Remove-Item -Path ("Cert:\LocalMachine\TrustedPublisher\$($thumbprint)") } Write-Output "Sucessfully removed all certificates from the trusted certificate stores." } # entry Write-Output "Selected Mode: $Mode" Switch($Mode) { "Sign" { DoSign } "UntrustCertificates" { DoUntrustCertificates } } 以管理员的身份打开 PowerShell，切换到当前目录，运行 .\DriverHelper.ps1 -Mode Sign -InfFile .\linux.inf 命令，得到 linux.cat 和 linux.cer 文件。在这里插入图片描述

2.3 安装驱动打开设备管理器，选择中树莓派的 COM 口，选择更新驱动程序。

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选择游览我的电脑以查找驱动程序

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目录调整到创建前面文件所在目录，点击下一页

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安装完成

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此时任务管理器驱动显示正常

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3 在树莓派上安装并打开 DHCP 服务器在 /etc/modules 末尾添加 libcomposite 。

例如：

i2c-dev libcomposite 在 /etc/dhcpcd.conf 末尾添加 denyinterfaces usb0 。

例如：

#.... # fallback to static profile on eth0 #interface eth0 #fallback static_eth0 denyinterfaces usb0 安装 dnsmasq sudo apt update sudo apt install dnsmasq 创建 /etc/dnsmasq.d/usb 文件，内容为 interface=usb0 dhcp-range=10.55.0.2,10.55.0.254,255.255.255.0,12h dhcp-option=3 leasefile-ro

其中 dhcp-range 设置表示 DHCP 服务分配的 IP 地址范围从 10.55.0.2-10.55.0.254，子网掩码为 255.255.255.0，有效期为 12 小时。

创建 /etc/network/interfaces.d/usb0 文件，内容为 auto usb0 allow-hotplug usb0 iface usb0 inet static address 10.55.0.1 netmask 255.255.255.0

其中，address 表示 USB 接口的 IP 地址为 10.55.0.1，子网掩码为 255.255.255.0。

创建 /root/usb.sh ，内容为 #!/bin/bash cd /sys/kernel/config/usb_gadget/ mkdir -p pi4 cd pi4 echo 0x1d6b > idVendor # Linux Foundation echo 0x0104 > idProduct # Multifunction Composite Gadget echo 0x0100 > bcdDevice # v1.0.0 echo 0x0200 > bcdUSB # USB2 echo 0xEF > bDeviceClass echo 0x02 > bDeviceSubClass echo 0x01 > bDeviceProtocol mkdir -p strings/0x409 echo "fedcba9876543211" > strings/0x409/serialnumber echo "Ben Hardill" > strings/0x409/manufacturer echo "PI4 USB Device" > strings/0x409/product mkdir -p configs/c.1/strings/0x409 echo "Config 1: ECM network" > configs/c.1/strings/0x409/configuration echo 250 > configs/c.1/MaxPower # Add functions here # see gadget configurations below # End functions mkdir -p functions/ecm.usb0 HOST="00:dc:c8:f7:75:14" # "HostPC" SELF="00:dd:dc:eb:6d:a1" # "BadUSB" echo $HOST > functions/ecm.usb0/host_addr echo $SELF > functions/ecm.usb0/dev_addr ln -s functions/ecm.usb0 configs/c.1/ udevadm settle -t 5 || : ls /sys/class/udc > UDC ifup usb0 service dnsmasq restart 给脚本添加可执行权限 sudo chmod +x /root/usb.sh 添加脚本开机启动，在 /etc/rc.local 中 exit 0 上一行添加 /root/usb.sh。

例如

_IP=$(hostname -I) || true if [ "$_IP" ]; then printf "My IP address is %s\n" "$_IP" fi /root/usb.sh exit 0 重启树莓派，在树莓派上看到 USB 接口的 IP 地址。

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