ubuntu linux下建立stm32开发环境: GCC安装以及工程Makefile建立 – Blog of Embbnux |
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买了一个STM32开发板,却不想在window下开发,也不想用那么占内存的IAR MDK等软件,所以决定在ubuntu下建立该开发环境,像之前avr linux一样,找了下资料,国内有人做过,但都没有很详尽的教程,所以花了三四天才完成.其实原理很简单,就是安装适用与STM32的GCC,以及建立该工程,主要是Makefile加上STM32的官方库. 个人原创,转载请注明原文出处: http://blog.csdn.net/embbnux/article/details/17616809 参考: How-to manual Installing a toolchain for Cortex-M3/STM32 on Ubuntu by Peter Seng 环境: ubuntu 13.10 stm32f103zet6 一 STM 32 GCC 安装 stm32 属于arm cortex-m系列thumb指令集,所以给arm用的arm-none-eabi就可以了,首先是下载 下载地址: https://launchpad.net/gcc-arm-embedded/+download 下载其中的gcc-arm-none-eabi-version-linux.tar.bz2 解压到你知道的目录会产生 gcc-arm-none-eabi的文件夹 把该编译器添加到你的环境中: sudo gedit ~/.bashrc在最后一行添加: export PATH=$PATH:/your_stm_gcc_dir/gcc-arm-none-eabi-4_8-2013q4/bin因为我之前有添加过树莓派的编译器了,所以实际上是这样的: export PATH=$PATH:/your_pi_gcc_dir/tools-master/arm-bcm2708/arm-bcm2708hardfp-linux-gnueabi/bin/:/your_stm_gcc_dir/gcc-arm-none-eabi-4_8-2013q4/bin两个编译器环境中间用冒号隔开; 注销后测试: arm-none-eabi-gcc -v可以查看到该编译器的版本,就表示可以了. 二 工程环境的建立 新建个工程文件夹,及其目录 mkdir stm_project cd stm_project mkdir libs mkdir src mkdir inc下载,安装官方库: stm32的寄存器不像51 avr等单片机,那么少,自己写写库,背背寄存器就可以了,所以ST公司提供了他们官方的库,为了避免重复造轮子,就直接采用他们的库,库版本为STM32_USB-FS-Device_Lib_V4.0.0,这个库多了usb支持,下载的话到st官网搜索stm32f10x就有了. 下载链接: stsw-stm32121.zip 解压,把解压好的文件夹复制到刚才新建的libs里面. 在工程根目录下新建Makefile.common文件,这个为通用makefile # include Makefile #This file is included in the general Makefile, the libs Makefile and the src Makefile #Different optimize settings for library and source files can be realized by using arguments #Compiler optimize settings: # -O0 no optimize, reduce compilation time and make debugging produce the expected results (default). # -O1 optimize, reduce code size and execution time, without much increase of compilation time. # -O2 optimize, reduce code execution time compared to ‘O1’, increase of compilation time. # -O3 optimize, turns on all optimizations, further increase of compilation time. # -Os optimize for size, enables all ‘-O2’ optimizations that do not typically increase code size and other code size optimizations. #Recommended optimize settings for release version: -O3 #Recommended optimize settings for debug version: -O0 #Valid parameters : # OptLIB=0 --> optimize library files using the -O0 setting # OptLIB=1 --> optimize library files using the -O1 setting # OptLIB=2 --> optimize library files using the -O2 setting # OptLIB=3 --> optimize library files using the -O3 setting # OptLIB=s --> optimize library files using the -Os setting # OptSRC=0 --> optimize source files using the -O0 setting # OptSRC=1 --> optimize source files using the -O1 setting # OptSRC=2 --> optimize source files using the -O2 setting # OptSRC=3 --> optimize source files using the -O3 setting # OptSRC=s --> optimize source files using the -Os setting # all --> build all # libs --> build libs only # src --> build src only # clean --> clean project # tshow --> show optimize settings #Example: # make OptLIB=3 OptSRC=0 all tshow TOP=$(shell readlink -f "$(dir $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)))") PROGRAM=main LIBDIR=$(TOP)/libs #Adust the following line to the library in use #=========add by embbnux 根据你的库不同,调整这个地方的库目录地址====================# ;STMLIB=$(LIBDIR)/STM32_USB-FS-Device_Lib_V4.0.0/Libraries #=========add by embbnux 根据你的stm32芯片型号容量不同,修改这个地方的TypeOfMCU=======# #Adjust TypeOfMCU in use, see CMSIS file "stm32f10x.h"#STM32F103RBT (128KB FLASH, 20KB RAM) --> STM32F10X_MD#TypeOfMCU=STM32F10X_MD#STM32F103RET (512KB FLASH, 64KB RAM) --> STM32F10X_HD#STM32F103ZET (512KB FLASH, 64KB RAM) --> STM32F10X_HD #============================================================================# TypeOfMCU=STM32F10X_HD #============================================================================# TC=arm-none-eabi CC=$(TC)-gcc LD=$(TC)-ld -v OBJCOPY=$(TC)-objcopy AR=$(TC)-ar GDB=$(TC)-gdb INCLUDE=-I$(TOP)/inc INCLUDE+=-I$(STMLIB)/CMSIS/Include INCLUDE+=-I$(STMLIB)/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F10x/Include INCLUDE+=-I$(STMLIB)/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F10x/Source/Templates INCLUDE+=-I$(STMLIB)/STM32F10x_StdPeriph_Driver/inc INCLUDE+=-I$(STMLIB)/STM32_USB-FS-Device_Driver/inc COMMONFLAGS=-g -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb COMMONFLAGSlib=$(COMMONFLAGS) #Commands for general Makefile and src Makefile ifeq ($(OptSRC),0) COMMONFLAGS+=-O0 InfoTextSrc=src (no optimize, -O0) else ifeq ($(OptSRC),1) COMMONFLAGS+=-O1 InfoTextSrc=src (optimize time+ size+, -O1) else ifeq ($(OptSRC),2) COMMONFLAGS+=-O2 InfoTextSrc=src (optimize time++ size+, -O2) else ifeq ($(OptSRC),s) ;COMMONFLAGS+=-Os InfoTextSrc=src (optimize size++, -Os) else COMMONFLAGS+=-O3 InfoTextSrc=src (full optimize, -O3) endif CFLAGS+=$(COMMONFLAGS) -Wall -Werror $(INCLUDE) CFLAGS+=-D $(TypeOfMCU) CFLAGS+=-D VECT_TAB_FLASH #Commands for libs Makefile ifeq ($(OptLIB),0) COMMONFLAGSlib+=-O0 InfoTextLib=libs (no optimize, -O0) else ifeq ($(OptLIB),1) COMMONFLAGSlib+=-O1 InfoTextLib=libs (optimize time+ size+, -O1) else ifeq ($(OptLIB),2) COMMONFLAGSlib+=-O2 InfoTextLib=libs (optimize time++ size+, -O2) else ifeq ($(OptLIB),s) COMMONFLAGSlib+=-Os InfoTextLib=libs (optimize size++, -Os) else COMMONFLAGSlib+=-O3 InfoTextLib=libs (full optimize, -O3) endif CFLAGSlib+=$(COMMONFLAGSlib) -Wall -Werror $(INCLUDE) CFLAGSlib+=-D $(TypeOfMCU) CFLAGSlib+=-D VECT_TAB_FLASH编译库文件: 进入libs文件夹,新建Makefile: # libs Makefile include ../Makefile.common LIBS+=libstm32.a CFLAGSlib+=-c all: libs libs: $(LIBS) libstm32.a: @echo -n "Building $@ ..." @cd $(STMLIB)/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F10x/Source/Templates && \ $(CC) $(CFLAGSlib) \ system_stm32f10x.c @cd $(STMLIB)/STM32F10x_StdPeriph_Driver/src && \ $(CC) $(CFLAGSlib) \ -D"assert_param(expr)=((void)0)" \ -I../../CMSIS/Include \ -I../../CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F10x/Include \ -I../inc \ *.c # @cd $(STMLIB)/STM32_USB-FS-Device_Driver/src && \ # $(CC) $(CFLAGSlib) \ # -D"assert_param(expr)=((void)0)" \ # -I../../CMSIS/Include \ # -I../../CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F10x/Include \ # -I../inc \ # *.c @$(AR) cr $(LIBDIR)/$@ \ $(STMLIB)/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F10x/Source/Templates/system_stm32f10x.o \ $(STMLIB)/STM32F10x_StdPeriph_Driver/src/*.o \ # $(STMLIB)/STM32_USB-FS-Device_Driver/src/*.o @echo "done." .PHONY: libs clean tshow clean: rm -f $(STMLIB)/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F10x/Source/Templates/system_stm32f10x.o rm -f $(STMLIB)/STM32F10x_StdPeriph_Driver/src/*.o rm -f $(STMLIB)/STM32_USB-FS-Device_Driver/src/*.o rm -f $(LIBS) tshow: @echo "######################################################################################################" @echo "################# optimize settings: $(InfoTextLib), $(InfoTextSrc)" @echo "######################################################################################################"编译该库: make clean make就会在lib目录下生成libstm32.a,这个就是编译好的静态库了. 建立工程编译ld文件 这个ld文件,为在编译时告诉编译器把代码放到什么地址,根据芯片的内存以及flash容量不同有所调整 在工程根目录下新建linker.ld文件 代码较长,请到我的资源里面下载,或者查看参考pdf里面的: http://download.csdn.net/detail/canyue102/6778837 也可到git上下载整个工程: stm32_development_on_linux 这里说明需要修改的地方,根据芯片型号不同,选择相应的RAM FLASH大小 MEMORY { /*Adust LENGTH to RAMsize of target MCU:*/ /*STM32F103RBT --> 20K*/ /*RAM (RWX) : ORIGIN = 0x20000000 , LENGTH = 20K*/ /*STM32F103RET --> 64K*/ /*STM32F103ZET --> 64K*/ RAM (RWX) : ORIGIN = 0x20000000 , LENGTH = 64K EXTSRAM (RWX) : ORIGIN = 0x68000000 , LENGTH = 0 /*Adust LENGTH to (FLASHsize - FeePROMsize) of target MCU:*/ /*STM32F103RBT --> 126K*/ FLASH (RX) : ORIGIN = 0x08000000 , LENGTH = 126K /*STM32F103RET --> 508K*/ /*FLASH (RX) : ORIGIN = 0x08000000 , LENGTH = 508K*/ /*STM32F103ZET --> 508K*/ FLASH (RX) : ORIGIN = 0x08000000 , LENGTH = 508K /*Adust ORIGIN to (0x08000000 + (FLASHsize-FeePROMsize)) of target MCU*/ /*and adust LENGTH to FeePROMsize allocated:*/ /*STM32F103RBT --> 0x08000000+126K, 2K*/ EEMUL (RWX) : ORIGIN = 0x08000000+126K, LENGTH = 2K /*STM32F103RET --> 0x08000000+508K, 4K*/ /*EEMUL (RWX) : ORIGIN = 0x08000000+508K, LENGTH = 4K*/ }在工程根目录下新建Makefile文件: # general Makefile include Makefile.common LDFLAGS=$(COMMONFLAGS) -fno-exceptions -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -L$(LIBDIR) -nostartfiles -Wl,--gc-sections,-Tlinker.ld LDLIBS+=-lm LDLIBS+=-lstm32 STARTUP=startup.c all: libs src $(CC) -o $(PROGRAM).elf $(LDFLAGS) \ -Wl,--whole-archive \ src/app.a \ -Wl,--no-whole-archive \ $(LDLIBS) $(OBJCOPY) -O ihex $(PROGRAM).elf $(PROGRAM).hex $(OBJCOPY) -O binary $(PROGRAM).elf $(PROGRAM).bin #Extract info contained in ELF to readable text-files: arm-none-eabi-readelf -a $(PROGRAM).elf > $(PROGRAM).info_elf arm-none-eabi-size -d -B -t $(PROGRAM).elf > $(PROGRAM).info_size arm-none-eabi-objdump -S $(PROGRAM).elf > $(PROGRAM).info_code arm-none-eabi-nm -t d -S --size-sort -s $(PROGRAM).elf > $(PROGRAM).info_symbol .PHONY: libs src clean tshow libs: $(MAKE) -C libs $@ src: $(MAKE) -C src $@ clean: $(MAKE) -C src $@ $(MAKE) -C libs $@ rm -f $(PROGRAM).elf $(PROGRAM).hex $(PROGRAM).bin $(PROGRAM).info_elf $(PROGRAM).info_size rm -f $(PROGRAM).info_code rm -f $(PROGRAM).info_symbol tshow: @echo "######################################################################################################" @echo "################# optimize settings: $(InfoTextLib), $(InfoTextSrc)" @echo "######################################################################################################"差不多就好了,在src里面添加测试源码 主要是startup.c 以及main.c,这里就不在说明了,可以查看该参考资料的pdf或者到我的资源下载 http://download.csdn.net/detail/canyue102/6778885 src目录下新建文件Makefile: # src Makefile include ../Makefile.common OBJS+=startup.o OBJS+=main.o all: src src: app.a app.a: $(OBJS) $(AR) cr app.a $(OBJS) .PHONY: src clean tshow clean: rm -f app.a $(OBJS) tshow: @echo "######################################################################################################" @echo "################# optimize settings: $(InfoTextLib), $(InfoTextSrc)" @echo "######################################################################################################"然后进入工程主目录,下make就好了. make clean make OptLIB=0 OptSRC=0 all tshow然后,就完成了,关于ubuntu下烧录程序到stm32下,请见下一篇博客 |
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