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板上有两个5V引脚和两个3.3V引脚，以及一些不可配置的接地引脚(0V)。其余引脚都是通用3.3V引脚，意味着输出设置为3.3V，输入为3.3V容差。

指定为输出引脚的GPIO引脚可以设置为高电平(3.3V)或低电平(0V)。

指定为输入引脚的GPIO引脚可以读取为高电平(3.3V)或低电平(0V)。使用内部上拉或下拉电阻更容易做到这一点。引脚GPIO2和GPIO3具有固定的上拉电阻，但对于其他引脚，这可以在软件中配置。

除了简单的输入和输出设备，GPIO引脚还可以用于各种替代功能，有些可用于所有引脚，有些可用于特定引脚。

PWM (脉冲宽度调制)

SPI

I2C

Serial

有关GPIO引脚高级功能的更多信息，请参见interactive pinout diagram

是一个在树莓派上使用的GPIO控制工具，可以获取GPIO状态以及设置GPIO

raspi-gpio

sudo apt -y install raspi-gpio

使用说明

Use:raspi-gpio get [GPIO]ORraspi-gpio set

[options]ORraspi-gpio funcs [GPIO]ORraspi-gpio raw

GPIO is a comma-separated list of pin numbers or ranges (without spaces),e.g. 4 or 18-21 or 7,9-11Note that omitting [GPIO] from raspi-gpio get prints all GPIOs.raspi-gpio funcs will dump all the possible GPIO alt funcions in CSV formator if [GPIO] is specified the alternate funcs just for that specific GPIO.Valid [options] for raspi-gpio set are:ip set GPIO as inputop set GPIO as outputa0-a5 set GPIO to alternate function alt0-alt5pu set GPIO in-pad pull uppd set GPIO pin-pad pull downpn set GPIO pull none (no pull)dh set GPIO to drive to high (1) level (only valid if set to be an output)dl set GPIO to drive low (0) level (only valid if set to be an output)Examples:raspi-gpio get Prints state of all GPIOs one per lineraspi-gpio get 20 Prints state of GPIO20raspi-gpio get 20,21 Prints state of GPIO20 and GPIO21raspi-gpio set 20 a5 Set GPIO20 to ALT5 function (GPCLK0)raspi-gpio set 20 pu Enable GPIO20 ~50k in-pad pull upraspi-gpio set 20 pd Enable GPIO20 ~50k in-pad pull downraspi-gpio set 20 op Set GPIO20 to be an outputraspi-gpio set 20 dl Set GPIO20 to output low/zero (must already be set as an output)raspi-gpio set 20 ip pd Set GPIO20 to input with pull downraspi-gpio set 35 a0 pu Set GPIO35 to ALT0 function (SPI_CE1_N) with pull upraspi-gpio set 20 op pn dh Set GPIO20 to ouput with no pull and driving high

转载来自：https://rpideveloper.com/topic/34/gpio

www.edatec.cn/cn/ WX：树莓派开发者

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