以介词结尾的短语及物动词型短语之用法 |
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以介词结尾的短语(及物动词型短语)之用法
1245 另一方面,如果介词和它们的相关词( a .动词, b .形容词或 c .名词)有更大的亲 和力,我们就有 7 种类型的短语,都以介词结尾,都起及物动词的作用,有自己的宾语, 因此可以称为及物动词型短语。在下面的各个句子中,第一个括号表明这种及物动词型短 语在意义上接近一个单一的及物动词,第二个括号(如果有的话)说明这个及物动词型短 语的详细结构:
1246 a .动词 + (副词或名词) + 介词:
1 ) He may laugh at ( =ridicule )(不及物动词 + 介词)
my project .( laugh at 以 project 作宾语)
We have been talking about ( =discussing ) this mat- ter .
You can count upon ( =trust ) my assistance .
2 ) We must keep away from ( =avoid )(不及物动词 + 地点副词 + 介词) those people .
He ran away with ( =stole ) a million dollars .
They look down on ( =despise ) humble people .
3 ) I paid attention to ( =watched )(及物动词 + 名词 + 介词) his tricks .
She must take care of ( =mind ) her children .
He made fun of ( =ridiculed ) you .
但是:
He threw a glass at me .(这和上面 3 类句子不同, threw a glass at 不是成语。 threw 和 at 间虽有亲和力,但 glass 与它们的关系比较远。)再如:
He tied his horse to the tree .
He sold his house for tens of thousands of dollars .
He compared Paris with London .
4 ) We are against ( =oppose )(系动词 + 介词) any form of slavery .
He is above ( =despises ) money matters .
We are for ( =support ) John as our chairman .
注意:有许多介词短语可用在系动词后。
He is at grips with ( =is fighting ) his enemy .
He is in love with ( =loves ) her .
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