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四级写作中用词简单是考生普遍存在的问题，一些考生在写作中仍然沿用中学学过的一些基础词汇（低分词），而没有意识到要使用一些高级词汇（高分词）。写作中常见的基础词汇和高级词汇对比如下表所示，考生可以熟记并有意识地运用到自己的写作中。 基础词汇 高级词汇 more and more people越来越多的人 an increasing number of people more and more important越来越重要 increasingly important important重要的 vital;crucial;critical;decisive develop发展；培养 cultivate;foster advantage优点 merit;virtue disadvantage缺点 shortcoming;defect;flaw;drawback focus on集中 concentrate on;center on join in参加 participate in;engage in depend on依靠 rely on;lean on; be dependent on clever聪明的 intelligent;bright;brilliant tired疲劳的 exhausted;fatigued;worn-out;weary try one’s best竭尽全力 commit oneself to; spare no efforts; try one’s utmost;try every means to do sth. development发展；进步 advancement success成功 achievement;accomplishment;fulfillment carry out实施 implement destroy破坏 devastate explain解释 illustrate;clarify change改变 transform;alter；modify achieve成就 accomplish; fulfill; realize get得到 acquire; obtain;attain be faced with面对 be confronted with clear清楚的 obvious;apparent in order to为了 for the sake of;on the purpose of necessary必须的 essential; indispensable way方法 approach;means ability能力 capability;competence;capacity;faculty finally最后地 eventually;ultimately grand宏大的 splendid;magnificent;impressive;marvelous rich富有的 prosperous;flourishing;thriving;booming because因为 in that;since improve改进 boost;promote;strengthen because of由于 due to; on account of I think我认为 from my point of view; as far as I’m concerned; from my perspective encourage鼓励 inspire; stimulate but但是 however; nevertheless so因此 consequently; as a consequence; therefore; accordingly goal目标 objective; ambition if假如 supposing; providing that; on condition that very非常 extremely
二、具体化原则 所谓的词义具体化就是指写作过程中避免使用宽泛、模糊的词，要根据语境选用具体、生动的词汇。考生写作中常见的一大问题就是宽泛词使用过多，使得作文语句描述不够具体，没有说服力，不能够打动人。 试比较以下几组句子的表达效果，请注意黑体词汇。 ① This girl is beautiful. ② The girl is quitecharming. 第①句用了比较宽泛的形容词 beautiful，读完句子不能够给人留下深刻印象。第②句中用了更为具体的词汇 charming，使表达更为具体形象。 ① You can find outnew words through online dictionaries. ② You canconsultnew words through online dictionaries. 第①句使用了短语 find out，查阅词典这一个动作表达得不够具体。第②句使用了 consult 一词，描述更加准确形象。 ① Many people like using online dictionaries. ② Manycollegestudentslike using online dictionaries. 第①句用了people一词，表达很多人喜欢使用在线词典，但不明确到底是哪些人。第②句使用 college students，表达清晰明了。 四级写作常用的宽泛词（低分词）和表达具体意义的词（高分词）如下表所示，考生可以进行熟记，并有意识地运用到自己的写作中去。 宽泛词 具体词 good好的 beneficial;superb; outstanding; awesome bad坏的 harmful; adverse; horrible; terrible; undesirable old老的 old-fashioned; outdated; ancient picture图画 drawing; painting;cartoon people人们 individuals; senior; adolescents; adults walk走路 wander; stride; sneak; creep increase增加 soar; double; triple mean意味着 indicate; imply; suggest cause引起 give rise to; trigger; result in; arouse make制作 produce; create; develop think认为 suppose; claim; maintain; assume; hold;contend useful有用的 constructive; rewarding cheap便宜的 affordable big大的 immense; enormous; tremendous
三、短语优先化原则 在写作中恰当地使用短语是彰显写作功底的一种方式。行文中用短语替换单词有两大好处，首先可以使文章的表达更加地道，增加亮点。其次，还可以增加作文篇幅，提高印象分。 请比较以下两个句子的表达效果，请注意黑体词汇。 ① Consideringtheir family’s financial burden, a great number of collegestudents use their time todo part-time jobs. ② Takingtheir family’s financial burdeninto account, a great number of college studentstake advantage oftheir free time to do part-time jobs. 与第①句相比，第②句用了短语 take … into account 以及 take advantage of 使句子表达更加具体生动。 常见的单词替换短语如下表所示，考生应该熟悉背诵并有意识运用，才能在考场上信手拈来。 单词 替换短语 consider考虑 take … into account/ consideration use使用 take advantage of; make use of maybe可能 be likely to do should应该 be supposed to emphasize强调 attach importance to; lay stress on explain解释 account for agree同意 approve of know知道；了解 be aware of exist存在 come into existence/being think认为 hold the view that; harbor the idea that conclude总结 come to/reach/ draw a conclusion replace取代 take place of help帮助 give a hand remember记住 bear/keep in mind support支持 be in favor of like喜欢 be fond of; be keen on; be fascinated; be obsessed with eliminate 消除 get rid of cause引起；导致 give rise to; result in; lead to most大部分 the vast majority of many很多的；大量的 a host of; a wide range of; plenty of; same同样的 be similar to; be identical to important/significant重要的；有意义的 be of importance/significance necessary必要的 be of necessity valuable 有价值的 be of value
四六级翻译只要做到译文准确和流畅即可得高分，注意避免低级错误，平时注意多积累一些各主题的专有词汇，如传统节日、社会文化、经济贸易、社科教育等方面的词汇。机会总是给有准备的人，自信满满地应考，到考场上信手拈来的优越感是无法比拟的。
转自：大学云英语，仅学习分享，如侵权请联系小编删除。返回搜狐，查看更多 |
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