用Python生成词云 |
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用Python生成词云
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词云是一种数据可视化技术，用于表示文本数据，其中每个单词的大小表示其出现的频率或重要性。 可以使用词云突出显示重要的文本数据点。 词云被广泛用于分析来自社交网络网站的数据。 为了在Python中生成词云，需要的模块是– matplotlib，pandas和wordcloud。 要安装这些软件包，请运行以下命令： pip install matplotlibpip install pandaspip install wordcloud 代码1：字数 可以设置要在tagcloud上显示的最大单词数。 为此，请使用WordCloud()函数的max_words关键字参数。 # importing the necessery modules from wordcloud import WordCloud import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import csv # file object is created file_ob = open(r"linuxidc.com.csv") # reader object is created reader_ob = csv.reader(file_ob) # contents of reader object is stored . # data is stored in list of list format. reader_contents = list(reader_ob) # empty string is declare text = "" # iterating through list of rows for row in reader_contents : # iterating through words in the row for word in row : # concatenate the words text = text + " " + word # show only 10 words in the wordcloud . wordcloud = WordCloud(width=480, height=480, max_words=10).generate(text) # plot the WordCloud image plt.figure() plt.imshow(wordcloud, interpolation="bilinear") plt.axis("off") plt.margins(x=0, y=0) plt.show() 输出如下图：
代码2：删除一些单词 可以删除一些我们不想显示的词。 为此，请将这些单词传递给WordCloud()函数的停用词列表参数。 # importing the necessery modules from wordcloud import WordCloud import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import csv # file object is created file_ob = open(r"linuxidc.com.csv") # reader object is created reader_ob = csv.reader(file_ob) # contents of reader object is stored . # data is stored in list of list format. reader_contents = list(reader_ob) # empty string is declare text = "" # iterating through list of rows for row in reader_contents : # iterating through words in the row for word in row : # concatenate the words text = text + " " + word # remove Python , Matplotlib , Geeks Words from WordCloud . wordcloud = WordCloud(width=480, height=480, stopwords=["Python", "Matplotlib","Geeks"]).generate(text) # plot the WordCloud image plt.figure() plt.imshow(wordcloud, interpolation="bilinear") plt.axis("off") plt.margins(x=0, y=0) plt.show() 输出效果如下：
代码3：更改背景 我们可以更改wordcloud背景的颜色。 为此，请使用WordCloud()函数的background_color关键字参数。 # importing the necessery modules from wordcloud import WordCloud import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import csv # file object is created file_ob = open(r"linuxidc.com.csv") # reader object is created reader_ob = csv.reader(file_ob) # contents of reader object is stored . # data is stored in list of list format. reader_contents = list(reader_ob) # empty string is declare text = "" # iterating through list of rows for row in reader_contents : # iterating through words in the row for word in row : # concatenate the words text = text + " " + word wordcloud = WordCloud(width=480, height=480, background_color="pink").generate(text) # plot the WordCloud image plt.figure() plt.imshow(wordcloud, interpolation="bilinear") plt.axis("off") plt.margins(x=0, y=0) plt.show() 输出效果如下：
代码4：更改单词的颜色 我们可以使用WordCloud()函数的colormap关键字参数来更改单词的颜色。 # importing the necessery modules from wordcloud import WordCloud import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import csv # file object is created file_ob = open(r"linuxidc.com.csv") # reader object is created reader_ob = csv.reader(file_ob) # contents of reader object is stored . # data is stored in list of list format. reader_contents = list(reader_ob) # empty string is declare text = "" # iterating through list of rows for row in reader_contents : # iterating through words in the row for word in row : # concatenate the words text = text + " " + word wordcloud = WordCloud(width=480, height=480, colormap="Oranges_r").generate(text) # plot the WordCloud image plt.figure() plt.imshow(wordcloud, interpolation="bilinear") plt.axis("off") plt.margins(x=0, y=0) plt.show() 输出效果如下：
代码5：设置最大和最小字体 我们可以控制wordcloud的最小和最大字体大小。 为此，请使用WordCloud()函数的max_font_size和min_font_size关键字参数。 # importing the necessery modules from wordcloud import WordCloud import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import csv # file object is created file_ob = open(r"linuxidc.com.csv") # reader object is created reader_ob = csv.reader(file_ob) # contents of reader object is stored . # data is stored in list of list format. reader_contents = list(reader_ob) # empty string is declare text = "" # iterating through list of rows for row in reader_contents : # iterating through words in the row for word in row : # concatenate the words text = text + " " + word wordcloud = WordCloud(width=480, height=480, max_font_size=20, min_font_size=10).generate(text) plt.figure() plt.imshow(wordcloud, interpolation="bilinear") plt.axis("off") plt.margins(x=0, y=0) plt.show()
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