02 |
您所在的位置：网站首页 › python获取单选框的值 › 02 |
|
1. 概述
1.1 案例说明
本案例是一个简易的学生管理操作界面，通过本案例的练习来熟悉单选、复选、列表以及组合框的使用。 该学生管理主要进行学生记录添加、删除操作。如下面图片所示： image.png 2. 单选、复选、列表以及组合框的基本使用同样，磨刀不误砍柴工，在进行案例代码编写前，先花点时间完成下面4个代码段的练习，熟悉这些组件的使用方法。 2.1 Listbox 列表框 import tkinter import tkinter.messagebox window = tkinter.Tk() window.title('my window') window.geometry('200x200') var = tkinter.StringVar() # 为变量设置值 var.set((2020, 2021, 2022)) # 创建Listbox,将var的值赋给Listbox,可以显示8行记录 lb = tkinter.Listbox(window, listvariable=var, height=8) # 创建一个list并将值循环添加到Listbox控件中 list_items = ['1-watermelon', '2-strawberry', '3-grape'] for item in list_items: # 从最后一个位置开始加入值 lb.insert('end', item) # 在第一个位置加入'first'字符 lb.insert(1, 'first') # 在第二个位置加入'second'字符 lb.insert(2, 'second') # 删除第二个位置的字符 lb.delete(2) lb.pack() # 显示已经被选择的list记录 def show_selection(): value = lb.get(lb.curselection()) # 获取当前选中的文本 tkinter.messagebox.showinfo(title='my message', message=value) b1 = tkinter.Button(window, text='show selection', width=15, height=2, command=show_selection) b1.pack() window.mainloop()运行结果如下： listbox.png 2.2 Radiobutton单选按钮 import tkinter import tkinter.messagebox window = tkinter.Tk() window.title('my window') window.geometry('400x200') var = tkinter.StringVar() var.set('A') l = tkinter.Label(window, text='你最不喜欢的一个编程语言是哪一项？') l.pack() def show_selected(): value = var.get() # 获取当前选中项 tkinter.messagebox.showinfo(title='my message', message=value) r1 = tkinter.Radiobutton(window, text='A.C语言 ', variable=var, value='A', command=show_selected) r1.pack() r2 = tkinter.Radiobutton(window, text='B.Java语言 ', variable=var, value='B', command=show_selected) r2.pack() r3 = tkinter.Radiobutton(window, text='C.Python语言 ', variable=var, value='C', command=show_selected) r3.pack() r3 = tkinter.Radiobutton(window, text='D.以上都不喜欢', variable=var, value='D', command=show_selected) r3.pack() window.mainloop()运行结果如下： image.png 2.3. Checkbutton 复选按钮 import tkinter import tkinter.messagebox window = tkinter.Tk() window.title('my window') window.geometry('400x200') var1 = tkinter.StringVar() var1.set('-') var2 = tkinter.StringVar() var2.set('-') var3 = tkinter.StringVar() var3.set('-') var4 = tkinter.StringVar() var4.set('-') l = tkinter.Label(window, text='你喜欢下面哪些编程语言？') l.pack() def show_selected(): value1 = var1.get() # 获取当前选中项 value2 = var2.get() value3 = var3.get() value4 = var4.get() s = '' if value1 == '1': s += ' C ' if value2 == '2': s += ' Java ' if value3 == '3': s += ' Python ' if value4 == '4': s += ' R ' if s == '': s = '我不喜欢编程！！！' else: s = '我喜欢'+s+'！！！' tkinter.messagebox.showinfo(title='my message', message=s) cb1 = tkinter.Checkbutton(window, text='A.C语言 ', variable=var1, onvalue=1, offvalue=0, command=show_selected) cb1.pack() cb2 = tkinter.Checkbutton(window, text='B.Java语言 ', variable=var2, onvalue=2, offvalue=0, command=show_selected) cb2.pack() cb3 = tkinter.Checkbutton(window, text='C.Python语言 ', variable=var3, onvalue=3, offvalue=0, command=show_selected) cb3.pack() cb4 = tkinter.Checkbutton(window, text='D.R语言 ', variable=var4, onvalue=4, offvalue=0, command=show_selected) cb4.pack() window.mainloop()运行结果如下： Checkbutton .png 2.4. Combobox组合框 import tkinter import tkinter.messagebox import tkinter.ttk window = tkinter.Tk() window.title('my window') window.geometry('400x200') labelGrade = tkinter.Label(window, text='Grade:', justify=tkinter.RIGHT, width=50) labelGrade.place(x=10, y=40, width=50, height=20) # 模拟学生所在班级，字典键为年级，字典值为班级 studentClasses = {'1': ['1', '2', '3', '4'], '2': ['1', '2'], '3': ['1', '2', '3']} # 学生年级组合框 comboGrade = tkinter.ttk.Combobox(window, values=tuple(studentClasses.keys()), width=50) comboGrade.place(x=70, y=40, width=50, height=20) # 事件处理函数 def comboChange(event): grade = comboGrade.get() if grade: # 动态改变组合框可选项 comboClass["values"] = studentClasses.get(grade) else: comboClass.set([]) # 绑定事件处理函数 comboGrade.bind(' ', comboChange) labelClass = tkinter.Label(window, text='Class:', justify=tkinter.RIGHT,width=50) labelClass.place(x=130, y=40, width=50, height=20) comboClass = tkinter.ttk.Combobox(window, width=50) # 学生年级组合框 comboClass.place(x=190, y=40, width=50, height=20) window.mainloop()运行结果如下： image.png 3. 案例代码实现 import tkinter import tkinter.messagebox import tkinter.ttk root = tkinter.Tk() root.title('stu manager') root['height'] = 400 root['width'] = 400 labelName = tkinter.Label(root, text='Name:', justify=tkinter.RIGHT, width=50) labelName.place(x=10, y=5, width=50, height=20) varName = tkinter.StringVar(value='') entryName = tkinter.Entry(root, width=120, textvariable=varName) entryName.place(x=70, y=5, width=120, height=20) labelGrade = tkinter.Label(root, text='Grade:', justify=tkinter.RIGHT, width=50) labelGrade.place(x=10, y=40, width=50, height=20) # 模拟学生所在班级，字典键为年级，字典值为班级 studentClasses = {'1': ['1', '2', '3', '4'], '2': ['1', '2'], '3': ['1', '2', '3']} # 学生年级组合框 comboGrade = tkinter.ttk.Combobox(root, values=tuple(studentClasses.keys()), width=50) comboGrade.place(x=70, y=40, width=50, height=20) # 事件处理函数 def comboChange(event): grade = comboGrade.get() if grade: # 动态改变组合框可选项 comboClass["values"] = studentClasses.get(grade) else: comboClass.set([]) # 绑定事件处理函数 comboGrade.bind(' ', comboChange) labelClass = tkinter.Label(root, text='Class:', justify=tkinter.RIGHT,width=50) labelClass.place(x=130, y=40, width=50, height=20) comboClass = tkinter.ttk.Combobox(root, width=50) # 学生年级组合框 comboClass.place(x=190, y=40, width=50, height=20) labelSex = tkinter.Label(root, text='Sex:', justify=tkinter .RIGHT, width=50) labelSex.place(x=10, y=70, width=50, height=20) # 与性别关联的变量，1：男；0：女，默认为男 sex = tkinter.IntVar(value=1) # 单选钮，男 radioMan = tkinter.Radiobutton(root, variable=sex, value=1, text='Man') radioMan.place(x=70, y=70, width=50, height=20) radioWoman = tkinter. Radiobutton(root, variable=sex, value=0, text='Woman') radioWoman.place(x=130, y=70, width=70, height=20) # 与是否班长关联的变量，默认不是班长 monitor = tkinter.IntVar(value=0) # 单选框，选中时变量值为1，未选中时变量值为0 checkMonitor = tkinter.Checkbutton(root, text='IS Monitor?', variable=monitor, onvalue=1, offvalue=0) checkMonitor .place(x=20, y=100, width=100, height=20) def addInformation(): result = 'Name:' + entryName.get() result = result + ';Grade:' + comboGrade .get() result = result + ';Class:' + comboClass .get() result = result + ';sex:' + ('Man' if sex.get() else 'Woman') result = result + ';Monitor:' + ('Yes' if monitor.get() else 'No') listboxStudents.insert(0, result) buttonAdd = tkinter.Button(root, text='Add', width=40, command= addInformation) buttonAdd.place(x=130, y=100, width=40, height=20) def deleteSelection(): selection = listboxStudents .curselection() if not selection: tkinter.messagebox.showinfo(title='Information', message='No Selection') else: listboxStudents. delete(selection) buttonDelete = tkinter .Button(root, text='DeleteSelection', width=100, command=deleteSelection) buttonDelete.place(x=180, y=100, width=100, height=20) listboxStudents = tkinter .Listbox(root, width=350) # 创建列表 listboxStudents.place(x=10, y=130, width=300, height=200) root.mainloop() |
今日新闻 |
推荐新闻 |
| CopyRight 2018-2019 办公设备维修网 版权所有 豫ICP备15022753号-3 |