英语四六级考试后缀和场景词汇.docx

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英语四六级考试后缀和场景词汇.docx

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英语四六级考试后缀和场景词汇.docx

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英语四六级考试后缀和场景词汇.docx

英语四六级考试后缀和场景词汇

1.名词后缀

1)-or/er:

做某件事情或职业的人或物:

worker,debtor

2)-acy,表示“性质,状态,境遇”democracy,accuracy,diplomacy

3)-ance,-ence表示“性质,状况,行为,过程,总量,程度”importance,diligence,difference,obedience

4)-ancy,-ency,表示“性质,状态,行为,过程”frequency,urgency,efficiency,

5)-bility,表示“动作,性质,状态”possibility,flexibility,feasibility,

6)-dom,表示“等级,领域,状态”freedom,kingdom,wisdom

7)-hood,表示"资格,身份,年纪,状态"childhood,manhood,falsehood

8)-ion,-sion,-tion,-ation,-ition,表示“行为的过程,结果,状况”action,solution,conclusion,destruction,expression,correction

9)-ism,表示“制度,主义,学说,信仰,行为”socialism,criticism,colloquialism,heroism

10)-ity,表示“性质,状态,程度”purity,reality,ability,calamity

11)-ment,表示“行为,状态,过程,手段及其结果”treatment,movement,judgment,punishment,argument

12)-ness,表示“性质,状态,程度”goodness,kindness,tiredness,friendliness

13)-ship,表示“情况,性质,技巧,技能及身份,职业”hardship,membership,friendship

14)-th,表示“动作,性质,过程,状态”depth,wealth,truth,length,growth

15)-tude,表示“性质,状态,程度”latitude,altitude(海拔)

16)-ure,表示“行为,结果”exposure,pressure,failure,procedure(手续),

17-grapy,表示“……学,写法”biography,calligraphy,geography

18)-ic,ics,表示“……学……法”logic,mechanics,electronics,linguistics

19)-ology,表示“……学……论”biology,zoology,technology(工艺学)

20)-nomy,表示“……学……术”astronomy,economy,bionomy(生态学)

 

2.形容词后缀

 

(1)带有“属性,倾向,相关”的含义

1)-able,-ible,visible,flexible

2)名词-ish,foolish,bookish,selfish(注意accomplish,vanish是动词)

3)-ive,active,sensitive,productive

4)-like,manlike,childlike

5)名词-ly,manly,fatherly,scholarly,motherly

6)-some,troublesome,handsome

7)-ful,beautiful,wonderful,helpful,truthful

8)-ous,dangerous,generous,courageous,various

9)-ent,violent

10)-most,foremost,topmost

11)less,表示否定,countless,stainless,wireless

 

3.动词后缀

 

1)-ize,ise,表示“做成,变成,……化”modernize,mechanize,democratize,organize

2)-en,表示“使成为,引起,使有”quicken,weaken,soften,harden

3)-fy,表示“使……化,使成”beautify,purify,intensify,signify,simplify

4)-ish,表示“使,令”finish,abolish,diminish,establish

5)-ate,表示“成为……,处理,作用”separate,operate,indicate

 

4.副词后缀

 

(形容词)-ly:

bad→badly坏地/恶劣地,careful→carefully小心地

-wise:

clock→clockwise(a./adv.)顺时针方向的(地);like→likewise同样地

-wards:

out→outwards向外面地,north→northwards向北方地

1.学习选课场景

Optionalcourse选修课,Requiredcourse必修课,

Daycourse白天的课,Eveningcourse晚上的课

科目或专业:

mathematic数学,history历史,chemistry化学,Literature文学,

Finalexam期终考试,middleexam期中考试,makeup补考,test测验,

poptest事先没有说好的测验,quiz小测验,oraltest口试drawingnear考试临近,

考试延期或取消delay/beoff/holdup/postpone/putoff/

publicschool公立学校,privateschool私立学校,religiousschool教会学校

学校中的人:

president校长,dean院长,professor教授,lecturer讲师

coordinator管理员,doctor博士,master硕士,bachelor学士,

freshman大一新生,sophomore大二学生,junior大三学生,senior大四学生

havealecture上课,cutaclass逃课,missaclass错过了课,

scholarship荣誉奖学金,assistantship助教奖学金

teachingassistant助教,researchassistant助研

2.图书馆场景

借书lend/borrow/checkout,参考书referencebook,续借renew,

过期overdue,还书return,罚金fine,书库stack,

图书管理员librarian,期刊阅览室periodicalroom,参考阅览室referenceroom,

现刊currentissue,过刊backissue,检索Index,主题subject,作者author,

已借出onloan/incirculation

3.交通运输场景

fare车票,license驾照,rushhours高峰时间,trafficjam交通堵塞

overtake超车,onewaystreet单行道,overspeed超速

ticket罚单expressway高速公路policeofficer交警

交通工具(出现频率从高到低)plane/train/bus/bike/walk/taxi

tunnel/channel隧道,ringroad环线,

subway(美)/underground(英)地铁

metro地道,overhead轻轨,flyover人行天桥

Usedcar旧车,afford买的起,Givesbaride搭车

Taxi/cab出租车,breakdown抛锚,flattire暴胎

rushhour高峰期,trafficjam堵车,caraccident事故

fix/repair修理,garage修车场,damage损害

dead报废,survive活下来,minorinjury轻伤

4.电话场景

mobilephone手机,payphone公用电话,telephonebox/booth电话亭

yellowpage黄页,extension分机,dial/press(拨/按电话号码)

operator总机,putthrough接通,wrongnumber记错号码

holdon不要挂断,take/leaveamessage留言,hangup/getoff挂断

answeringmachine自动答录机,collectcall对方付费电话

long-distancecall长途电话,overseascall越洋电话,

mobile/cellphone手机givesbacall/ring给某人打电话

thelineisbusy/engaged占线

5.机场场景

plane飞机,book订票,timetable时间表,destination目的地

safelanding安全着陆,board登机,takeoff起飞,departure离港

safety/sectbelt安全带,land着陆,arrival进港,pickup接机

securitycheck安检,seeoff送行,keepintouch保持联系

onewayticket单程票,roundtripticket来回票,

non-stop/directflight直航,boardingcard登机牌

transfer/layover/stopover转机,

first/business/economycabin头等/商务/经济舱

confirmtheflight确认航班,checkin登记,

6.打工场景

jobvacancy有空缺职位,letterofapplication求职信,resume简历

resume包括:

basic/personalinfo.基本信息/个人资料,

academicbackground教育背景

workexperience工作经验,certificates证书

interview面试,offer聘用信,workovertime加班,

askforaraise加钱,wage周薪,salary日薪,bonus奖金,

allowance津贴,annualincome年收入,

promotion升职,fire解雇,工作职位post/position

resignwork/job/career/course辞职,vacation休假,

sickleave病假,rest休息,

break指喝杯茶、喝杯咖啡的休息

coffeebreakaway离开一会

7.租房场景

liveoncampus住校,liveoffcampus住校外,apartment公寓,dorm宿舍

forsale可销售的房子,forrent/lease可出租的房子,accommodation住宿

rent租金,utilities水电费,location位置,suburb/downtown市郊/市中心

condition住房条件,furnished配家具,unfurnished无装修,leaking漏水

blackout断电,environment环境,transportation交通,landlord房东

tenant房客,roommate室友,好的室友要求:

neat整洁的considerate体贴的,

不好的室友:

messy脏乱的,noisy吵闹的

同学相处高频词汇:

activeandsociable积极的,乐于交际的,talkative能说会道的,

justtheopposite恰恰相反,havealotonhermind有很多共同点

hasaverybadtemper脾气坏,inabadmood心情不好,

getalongwellwith相处很好,compatible能相容的

hititoff一开始就相处很好,keepittooneself闷在心里

8.医院场景

seeadoctor去医院看医生,healthcenter/clinic卫生所/门诊部

physician内科医生,surgeon外科医生,dentist牙医,medicalresult诊断结果

makeanappointment预约,emergency急诊,checkup/exam检查,

cold感冒,flu流感,headache头痛,sorethroat嗓子痛,fever发烧

toothache牙疼,stomachache胃疼,prescribe开药方,抓药filltheprescription

pill/tablet药片,injection/shot注射,operation手术,

taketwoofthesepillsthreetimesaday一日三次,一次两片

9.宾馆场景

makeareservation预订房间,confirmareservation确认预订,

cancelareservation取消预订,fullybooked/fullup/full客满,

porter行旅员,reception前台,checkin登记入住

checkout退房,singleroom单人房,doubleroom一张大床的双人房

twinroom两张单人床的双人房,suite套房,bathroom卫生间

toilet/restroom厕所,roomservice客房服务,tips小费

lounge男士用休息区,lobby大堂,businesscenter商务中心

salon美容厅,roomservice客房服务部,ball舞厅,bar酒吧

10.邮局场景

post/send寄,letter/mail信,registeredmail挂号信,regularmail平信,

stamp邮票,airmail航空信,parcel/package包裹,telegram/cable电报,

rate费率,postage邮资,overweight超重,email电子邮件,

reply回复,forward转发,cc(carboncopy),

抄送bcc(blindcarboncopy),subject主题,attach附件

11购物场景:

Store/departmentstore商店,supermarket超市,

Shoppingcenter/shoppingmall购物中心,shopassistant售货员

discount/off打折,outofstock卖完了,Bargain便宜货,

style/size/color款式、大小、颜色,large/medium/small大号中号小号

Exchange调换,aclearancesale清仓处理

12天气场景:

Climate气候,weatherforecast天气预报,sunny晴天,clearup变晴

Mild/agreeable温和的,cloudy阴天,shower/downpour阵雨/大雨

Thunder/lightening打雷/闪电,windy/strongwind多风的/强风,Snowstorm暴风雪

foggy/dense/heavyfog雾天/浓雾,warmup转暖,wet潮湿,humid潮湿

getworse天气恶化,unusual不同寻常的天气,heavysnow大雪

13,饮食场景:

Fastfood快餐,friedfood油炸食品,applepie苹果派,Pizza比萨

appetizer开胃菜,vegetablesalad蔬菜沙拉,Soup汤,dessert甜点

icecream冰淇淋,Pudding布丁,seasoning调料,dish菜

delicious/tasty/terrific好吃,horrible/awful/disgusting难吃,Waiter/waitress服务生

menu菜单,chef厨师,Order点菜,book/makeareservation预定

tip小费,Fork/spoon/knife餐具,restaurant饭馆,cafeteria自助餐厅

Schooldininghall学生食堂,eatout下馆子,full/done吃饱了

Snackbar快餐小吃店,Let’sgoDutch/go50-50/splitthebillAA制

beondiet节食,today'sspecial今日特餐,specialty招牌菜

Frenchfires炸薯条,bacon熏肉,friedegg煎蛋

butter奶油,beverages饮料,orangejuice橘子汁

softdrink汽水,mineralwater矿泉水coffee咖啡

ice-cream冰淇淋,coffeepot咖啡壶,papertowel纸巾

tablecloth桌布,teaset茶具,dish碟

plate盘,chopsticks筷子,soupspoon汤匙

knife餐刀,toothpick牙签,curryrice咖喱饭

friedrice炒饭,watermelon西瓜,pear梨子

peach桃子,cherry樱桃,apple苹果

grape葡萄,salt盐,sugar糖

sweet甜,bitter苦,dinner正餐

breakfast早餐,lunch午餐,brunch早午餐

steak牛排,welldone全熟,medium五分熟

rare三分熟,beer啤酒,brandy白兰地

whisky威士忌meat肉,beef牛肉

chicken鸡肉,mutton羊肉,bread面包

noodles面条,vegetable蔬菜,sandwich三明治

toast土司,hamburger汉堡,cake蛋糕

14旅游场景:

mountains山,deserts沙漠,tropicalrainforests热带雨林,

historicalinterest旅游胜地,beaches沙滩,coastalareas沿海地区,

river河流,lake湖泊,publictransport公共交通,

booktheroom(makeareservation)订房间,beaches海滩

creditcard信用卡(Visa维萨卡,MasterCard万事达,AmericanExpress美国运通)

hotsprings温泉,waterfalls瀑布,castle城堡

swimming,diving潜水,跳水,surfing冲浪,

15服装种类:

clothing衣服总称,costume传统服装;戏服,suit一套男(女)服

tie领带,jacket茄克衫,T-shirt短袖圆领汗衫(运动衫)

pants(trousers)裤子;长裤,jeans牛仔裤,uniform制服

underwear(undergarment)内衣,stockings长统袜,downjacket羽绒服

sweater毛衣,gloves手套,scarf围巾

sandals凉鞋,slippers拖鞋,boots皮靴

sneakers=gymshoes运动鞋,runningshoes跑步鞋sewing缝纫

formal=spiffy正式的,casual休闲的navyblue海军蓝的

large大号的,medium中号的,small小号的

tight紧的,loose=baggy宽松的,wool羊毛:

毛线

cotton棉制,harshchemicals刺激性化学物质,striped带条纹的



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