英语四六级考试后缀和场景词汇.docx |
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英语四六级考试后缀和场景词汇.docx 《英语四六级考试后缀和场景词汇.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《英语四六级考试后缀和场景词汇.docx(9页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。 英语四六级考试后缀和场景词汇 1.名词后缀 1)-or/er: 做某件事情或职业的人或物: worker,debtor 2)-acy,表示“性质,状态,境遇”democracy,accuracy,diplomacy 3)-ance,-ence表示“性质,状况,行为,过程,总量,程度”importance,diligence,difference,obedience 4)-ancy,-ency,表示“性质,状态,行为,过程”frequency,urgency,efficiency, 5)-bility,表示“动作,性质,状态”possibility,flexibility,feasibility, 6)-dom,表示“等级,领域,状态”freedom,kingdom,wisdom 7)-hood,表示"资格,身份,年纪,状态"childhood,manhood,falsehood 8)-ion,-sion,-tion,-ation,-ition,表示“行为的过程,结果,状况”action,solution,conclusion,destruction,expression,correction 9)-ism,表示“制度,主义,学说,信仰,行为”socialism,criticism,colloquialism,heroism 10)-ity,表示“性质,状态,程度”purity,reality,ability,calamity 11)-ment,表示“行为,状态,过程,手段及其结果”treatment,movement,judgment,punishment,argument 12)-ness,表示“性质,状态,程度”goodness,kindness,tiredness,friendliness 13)-ship,表示“情况,性质,技巧,技能及身份,职业”hardship,membership,friendship 14)-th,表示“动作,性质,过程,状态”depth,wealth,truth,length,growth 15)-tude,表示“性质,状态,程度”latitude,altitude(海拔) 16)-ure,表示“行为,结果”exposure,pressure,failure,procedure(手续), 17-grapy,表示“……学,写法”biography,calligraphy,geography 18)-ic,ics,表示“……学……法”logic,mechanics,electronics,linguistics 19)-ology,表示“……学……论”biology,zoology,technology(工艺学) 20)-nomy,表示“……学……术”astronomy,economy,bionomy(生态学)
2.形容词后缀
(1)带有“属性,倾向,相关”的含义 1)-able,-ible,visible,flexible 2)名词-ish,foolish,bookish,selfish(注意accomplish,vanish是动词) 3)-ive,active,sensitive,productive 4)-like,manlike,childlike 5)名词-ly,manly,fatherly,scholarly,motherly 6)-some,troublesome,handsome 7)-ful,beautiful,wonderful,helpful,truthful 8)-ous,dangerous,generous,courageous,various 9)-ent,violent 10)-most,foremost,topmost 11)less,表示否定,countless,stainless,wireless
3.动词后缀
1)-ize,ise,表示“做成,变成,……化”modernize,mechanize,democratize,organize 2)-en,表示“使成为,引起,使有”quicken,weaken,soften,harden 3)-fy,表示“使……化,使成”beautify,purify,intensify,signify,simplify 4)-ish,表示“使,令”finish,abolish,diminish,establish 5)-ate,表示“成为……,处理,作用”separate,operate,indicate
4.副词后缀
(形容词)-ly: bad→badly坏地/恶劣地,careful→carefully小心地 -wise: clock→clockwise(a./adv.)顺时针方向的(地);like→likewise同样地 -wards: out→outwards向外面地,north→northwards向北方地 1.学习选课场景 Optionalcourse选修课,Requiredcourse必修课, Daycourse白天的课,Eveningcourse晚上的课 科目或专业: mathematic数学,history历史,chemistry化学,Literature文学, Finalexam期终考试,middleexam期中考试,makeup补考,test测验, poptest事先没有说好的测验,quiz小测验,oraltest口试drawingnear考试临近, 考试延期或取消delay/beoff/holdup/postpone/putoff/ publicschool公立学校,privateschool私立学校,religiousschool教会学校 学校中的人: president校长,dean院长,professor教授,lecturer讲师 coordinator管理员,doctor博士,master硕士,bachelor学士, freshman大一新生,sophomore大二学生,junior大三学生,senior大四学生 havealecture上课,cutaclass逃课,missaclass错过了课, scholarship荣誉奖学金,assistantship助教奖学金 teachingassistant助教,researchassistant助研 2.图书馆场景 借书lend/borrow/checkout,参考书referencebook,续借renew, 过期overdue,还书return,罚金fine,书库stack, 图书管理员librarian,期刊阅览室periodicalroom,参考阅览室referenceroom, 现刊currentissue,过刊backissue,检索Index,主题subject,作者author, 已借出onloan/incirculation 3.交通运输场景 fare车票,license驾照,rushhours高峰时间,trafficjam交通堵塞 overtake超车,onewaystreet单行道,overspeed超速 ticket罚单expressway高速公路policeofficer交警 交通工具(出现频率从高到低)plane/train/bus/bike/walk/taxi tunnel/channel隧道,ringroad环线, subway(美)/underground(英)地铁 metro地道,overhead轻轨,flyover人行天桥 Usedcar旧车,afford买的起,Givesbaride搭车 Taxi/cab出租车,breakdown抛锚,flattire暴胎 rushhour高峰期,trafficjam堵车,caraccident事故 fix/repair修理,garage修车场,damage损害 dead报废,survive活下来,minorinjury轻伤 4.电话场景 mobilephone手机,payphone公用电话,telephonebox/booth电话亭 yellowpage黄页,extension分机,dial/press(拨/按电话号码) operator总机,putthrough接通,wrongnumber记错号码 holdon不要挂断,take/leaveamessage留言,hangup/getoff挂断 answeringmachine自动答录机,collectcall对方付费电话 long-distancecall长途电话,overseascall越洋电话, mobile/cellphone手机givesbacall/ring给某人打电话 thelineisbusy/engaged占线 5.机场场景 plane飞机,book订票,timetable时间表,destination目的地 safelanding安全着陆,board登机,takeoff起飞,departure离港 safety/sectbelt安全带,land着陆,arrival进港,pickup接机 securitycheck安检,seeoff送行,keepintouch保持联系 onewayticket单程票,roundtripticket来回票, non-stop/directflight直航,boardingcard登机牌 transfer/layover/stopover转机, first/business/economycabin头等/商务/经济舱 confirmtheflight确认航班,checkin登记, 6.打工场景 jobvacancy有空缺职位,letterofapplication求职信,resume简历 resume包括: basic/personalinfo.基本信息/个人资料, academicbackground教育背景 workexperience工作经验,certificates证书 interview面试,offer聘用信,workovertime加班, askforaraise加钱,wage周薪,salary日薪,bonus奖金, allowance津贴,annualincome年收入, promotion升职,fire解雇,工作职位post/position resignwork/job/career/course辞职,vacation休假, sickleave病假,rest休息, break指喝杯茶、喝杯咖啡的休息 coffeebreakaway离开一会 7.租房场景 liveoncampus住校,liveoffcampus住校外,apartment公寓,dorm宿舍 forsale可销售的房子,forrent/lease可出租的房子,accommodation住宿 rent租金,utilities水电费,location位置,suburb/downtown市郊/市中心 condition住房条件,furnished配家具,unfurnished无装修,leaking漏水 blackout断电,environment环境,transportation交通,landlord房东 tenant房客,roommate室友,好的室友要求: neat整洁的considerate体贴的, 不好的室友: messy脏乱的,noisy吵闹的 同学相处高频词汇: activeandsociable积极的,乐于交际的,talkative能说会道的, justtheopposite恰恰相反,havealotonhermind有很多共同点 hasaverybadtemper脾气坏,inabadmood心情不好, getalongwellwith相处很好,compatible能相容的 hititoff一开始就相处很好,keepittooneself闷在心里 8.医院场景 seeadoctor去医院看医生,healthcenter/clinic卫生所/门诊部 physician内科医生,surgeon外科医生,dentist牙医,medicalresult诊断结果 makeanappointment预约,emergency急诊,checkup/exam检查, cold感冒,flu流感,headache头痛,sorethroat嗓子痛,fever发烧 toothache牙疼,stomachache胃疼,prescribe开药方,抓药filltheprescription pill/tablet药片,injection/shot注射,operation手术, taketwoofthesepillsthreetimesaday一日三次,一次两片 9.宾馆场景 makeareservation预订房间,confirmareservation确认预订, cancelareservation取消预订,fullybooked/fullup/full客满, porter行旅员,reception前台,checkin登记入住 checkout退房,singleroom单人房,doubleroom一张大床的双人房 twinroom两张单人床的双人房,suite套房,bathroom卫生间 toilet/restroom厕所,roomservice客房服务,tips小费 lounge男士用休息区,lobby大堂,businesscenter商务中心 salon美容厅,roomservice客房服务部,ball舞厅,bar酒吧 10.邮局场景 post/send寄,letter/mail信,registeredmail挂号信,regularmail平信, stamp邮票,airmail航空信,parcel/package包裹,telegram/cable电报, rate费率,postage邮资,overweight超重,email电子邮件, reply回复,forward转发,cc(carboncopy), 抄送bcc(blindcarboncopy),subject主题,attach附件 11购物场景: Store/departmentstore商店,supermarket超市, Shoppingcenter/shoppingmall购物中心,shopassistant售货员 discount/off打折,outofstock卖完了,Bargain便宜货, style/size/color款式、大小、颜色,large/medium/small大号中号小号 Exchange调换,aclearancesale清仓处理 12天气场景: Climate气候,weatherforecast天气预报,sunny晴天,clearup变晴 Mild/agreeable温和的,cloudy阴天,shower/downpour阵雨/大雨 Thunder/lightening打雷/闪电,windy/strongwind多风的/强风,Snowstorm暴风雪 foggy/dense/heavyfog雾天/浓雾,warmup转暖,wet潮湿,humid潮湿 getworse天气恶化,unusual不同寻常的天气,heavysnow大雪 13,饮食场景: Fastfood快餐,friedfood油炸食品,applepie苹果派,Pizza比萨 appetizer开胃菜,vegetablesalad蔬菜沙拉,Soup汤,dessert甜点 icecream冰淇淋,Pudding布丁,seasoning调料,dish菜 delicious/tasty/terrific好吃,horrible/awful/disgusting难吃,Waiter/waitress服务生 menu菜单,chef厨师,Order点菜,book/makeareservation预定 tip小费,Fork/spoon/knife餐具,restaurant饭馆,cafeteria自助餐厅 Schooldininghall学生食堂,eatout下馆子,full/done吃饱了 Snackbar快餐小吃店,Let’sgoDutch/go50-50/splitthebillAA制 beondiet节食,today'sspecial今日特餐,specialty招牌菜 Frenchfires炸薯条,bacon熏肉,friedegg煎蛋 butter奶油,beverages饮料,orangejuice橘子汁 softdrink汽水,mineralwater矿泉水coffee咖啡 ice-cream冰淇淋,coffeepot咖啡壶,papertowel纸巾 tablecloth桌布,teaset茶具,dish碟 plate盘,chopsticks筷子,soupspoon汤匙 knife餐刀,toothpick牙签,curryrice咖喱饭 friedrice炒饭,watermelon西瓜,pear梨子 peach桃子,cherry樱桃,apple苹果 grape葡萄,salt盐,sugar糖 sweet甜,bitter苦,dinner正餐 breakfast早餐,lunch午餐,brunch早午餐 steak牛排,welldone全熟,medium五分熟 rare三分熟,beer啤酒,brandy白兰地 whisky威士忌meat肉,beef牛肉 chicken鸡肉,mutton羊肉,bread面包 noodles面条,vegetable蔬菜,sandwich三明治 toast土司,hamburger汉堡,cake蛋糕 14旅游场景: mountains山,deserts沙漠,tropicalrainforests热带雨林, historicalinterest旅游胜地,beaches沙滩,coastalareas沿海地区, river河流,lake湖泊,publictransport公共交通, booktheroom(makeareservation)订房间,beaches海滩 creditcard信用卡(Visa维萨卡,MasterCard万事达,AmericanExpress美国运通) hotsprings温泉,waterfalls瀑布,castle城堡 swimming,diving潜水,跳水,surfing冲浪, 15服装种类: clothing衣服总称,costume传统服装;戏服,suit一套男(女)服 tie领带,jacket茄克衫,T-shirt短袖圆领汗衫(运动衫) pants(trousers)裤子;长裤,jeans牛仔裤,uniform制服 underwear(undergarment)内衣,stockings长统袜,downjacket羽绒服 sweater毛衣,gloves手套,scarf围巾 sandals凉鞋,slippers拖鞋,boots皮靴 sneakers=gymshoes运动鞋,runningshoes跑步鞋sewing缝纫 formal=spiffy正式的,casual休闲的navyblue海军蓝的 large大号的,medium中号的,small小号的 tight紧的,loose=baggy宽松的,wool羊毛: 毛线 cotton棉制,harshchemicals刺激性化学物质,striped带条纹的 |
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