对于DBA来说，启动和关闭oracle监听器是很基础的任务，但是Linux系统管理员或者程序员有时也需要在开发数据库中做一些基本的DBA操作，因此了解一些基本的管理操作对他们来说很重要。

      本文将讨论用LSNRCTL命令启动、关闭和查看监听器的状态的方法。

怎样启动、关闭和重新启动oracle监听器

在启动、关闭或者重启oracle监听器之前确保使用lsnrctl status命令检查oracle监听器的状态。除了得到监听器的状态之外，你还可以从lsnrctl status命令的输出中得到如下的信息：

监听器的启动时间 监听器的运行时间 监听器参数文件listener.ora的位置，通常位于$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin目录下 监听器日志文件的位置 如果oracle监听器没用运行，你将得到如下的信息

view plaincopy to clipboardprint? $ lsnrctl status  

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 04-APR-2009 16:27:39  

Copyright (c) 1991, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.  

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.1.2)(PORT=1521)))   TNS-12541: TNS:no listener   TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error   TNS-00511: No listener   Linux Error: 111: Connection refused   Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC)))   TNS-12541: TNS:no listener   TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error   TNS-00511: No listener   Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory $ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 04-APR-2009 16:27:39

Copyright (c) 1991, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.1.2)(PORT=1521))) TNS-12541: TNS:no listener TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error TNS-00511: No listener Linux Error: 111: Connection refused Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC))) TNS-12541: TNS:no listener TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error TNS-00511: No listener Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory

如果oracle监听器正在运行，你将得到如下信息

view plaincopy to clipboardprint? $ lsnrctl status  

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 04-APR-2009 16:27:02  

Copyright (c) 1991, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.  

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.1.2)(PORT=1521)))   STATUS of the LISTENER   ————————   Alias                     LISTENER   Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production   Start Date                29-APR-2009 18:43:13   Uptime                    6 days 21 hr. 43 min. 49 sec   Trace Level               off   Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication   SNMP                      OFF   Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/network/admin/listener.ora   Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/devdb/listener/alert/log.xml   Listening Endpoints Summary…   (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.1.2)(PORT=1521)))   (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC)))   Services Summary…   Service “devdb” has 1 instance(s).   Instance “devdb”, status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service…   Service “devdb.thegeekstuff.com” has 1 instance(s).   Instance “devdb”, status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service…   Service “devdbXDB.thegeekstuff.com” has 1 instance(s).   Instance “devdb”, status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service…   Service “devdb_XPT.thegeekstuff.com” has 1 instance(s).   Instance “devdb”, status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service…   The command completed successfully $ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 04-APR-2009 16:27:02

Copyright (c) 1991, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.1.2)(PORT=1521))) STATUS of the LISTENER ———————— Alias                     LISTENER Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production Start Date                29-APR-2009 18:43:13 Uptime                    6 days 21 hr. 43 min. 49 sec Trace Level               off Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP                      OFF Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/devdb/listener/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary… (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.1.2)(PORT=1521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC))) Services Summary… Service “devdb” has 1 instance(s). Instance “devdb”, status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service… Service “devdb.thegeekstuff.com” has 1 instance(s). Instance “devdb”, status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service… Service “devdbXDB.thegeekstuff.com” has 1 instance(s). Instance “devdb”, status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service… Service “devdb_XPT.thegeekstuff.com” has 1 instance(s). Instance “devdb”, status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service… The command completed successfully

2.启动oracle监听器

如果oracle监听器没用运行，你可以用lsnrctl start命令启动oracle监听器，该命令将启动所有的监听器，如果你只想启动特定的监听器，可以再start后面指定监听器的名字，例如：lsnrctl start [listener-name]。

view plaincopy to clipboardprint? $ lsnrctl start  

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 04-APR-2009 16:27:42  

Copyright (c) 1991, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.  

Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/bin/tnslsnr: please wait…  

TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production   System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/network/admin/listener.ora   Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/devdb/listener/alert/log.xml   Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.1.2)(PORT=1521)))   Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC)))  

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.1.2)(PORT=1521)))   STATUS of the LISTENER   ————————   Alias                     LISTENER   Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production   Start Date                04-APR-2009 16:27:42   Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec   Trace Level               off   Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication   SNMP                      OFF   Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/network/admin/listener.ora   Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/devdb/listener/alert/log.xml   Listening Endpoints Summary…   (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.1.2)(PORT=1521)))   (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC)))   Services Summary…   Service “devdb” has 1 instance(s).   Instance “devdb”, status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service…   The command completed successfully $ lsnrctl start

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 04-APR-2009 16:27:42

Copyright (c) 1991, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/bin/tnslsnr: please wait…

TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/network/admin/listener.ora Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/devdb/listener/alert/log.xml Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.1.2)(PORT=1521))) Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC)))

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.1.2)(PORT=1521))) STATUS of the LISTENER ———————— Alias                     LISTENER Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production Start Date                04-APR-2009 16:27:42 Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec Trace Level               off Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP                      OFF Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/devdb/listener/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary… (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.1.2)(PORT=1521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC))) Services Summary… Service “devdb” has 1 instance(s). Instance “devdb”, status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service… The command completed successfully

3.关闭oracle监听器

如果oracle监听器正在运行，可以使用lsnrctl stop命令关闭oracle监听器，该命令将关闭所有的监听器，如果你只想关闭特定的监听器，可以再stop后面指定监听器的名字，例如：lsnrctl stop [listener-name]

view plaincopy to clipboardprint? $ lsnrctl stop  

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 04-APR-2009 16:27:37  

Copyright (c) 1991, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.  

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.1.2)(PORT=1521)))   The command completed successfully $ lsnrctl stop

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 04-APR-2009 16:27:37

Copyright (c) 1991, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.1.2)(PORT=1521))) The command completed successfully

4.重启oracle监听器

用lsnrctl reload重启监听器，此命令可以代替lsnrctl stop和lsnrctl start。重启将会在不需要关闭和启动监听器的情况下读取listener.ora的配置。

view plaincopy to clipboardprint? $ lsnrctl reload  

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 04-APR-2009 17:03:31  

Copyright (c) 1991, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.  

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.1.2)(PORT=1521)))   The command completed successfully $ lsnrctl reload

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 04-APR-2009 17:03:31

Copyright (c) 1991, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.1.2)(PORT=1521))) The command completed successfully

Oracle监听器帮助

1.查看所有的监听器命令

lsnrctl hep命令可以显示所有可用的监听器命令。在oracle11g中其输出如下：

start - Start the Oracle listener stop - Stop the Oracle listener status - Display the current status of the Oracle listener services - Retrieve the listener services information version - Display the oracle listener version information reload - This will reload the oracle listener SID and parameter files. This is equivalent to lsnrctl stop and lsnrctl start. save_config - This will save the current settings to the listener.ora file and also take a backup of the listener.ora file before overwriting it. If there are no changes, it will display the message “No changes to save for LISTENER” trace - Enable the tracing at the listener level. The available options are ‘trace OFF’, ‘trace USER’, ‘trace ADMIN’ or ‘trace SUPPORT’ spawn - Spawns a new with the program with the spawn_alias mentioned in the listener.ora file change_password - Set the new password to the oracle listener (or) change the existing listener password. show - Display log files and other relevant listener information. view plaincopy to clipboardprint? $ lsnrctl help  

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 04-APR-2009 16:12:09  

Copyright (c) 1991, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.  

The following operations are available   An asterisk (*) denotes a modifier or extended command:  

start               stop                status   services            version             reload   save_config         trace               spawn   change_password     quit                exit   set*                show* $ lsnrctl help

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 04-APR-2009 16:12:09

Copyright (c) 1991, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.

The following operations are available An asterisk (*) denotes a modifier or extended command:

start               stop                status services            version             reload save_config         trace               spawn change_password     quit                exit set*                show*

2.得到指定监听器命令的详细帮助信息

可以使用lsnrctl help得到指定的命令的详细帮助信息。如下所示

view plaincopy to clipboardprint? $ lsnrctl help show  

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 04-APR-2009 16:22:28  

Copyright (c) 1991, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.  

The following operations are available after show   An asterisk (*) denotes a modifier or extended command:  

rawmode                     displaymode   rules                       trc_file   trc_directory               trc_level   log_file                    log_directory   log_status                  current_listener   inbound_connect_timeout     startup_waittime   snmp_visible                save_config_on_stop   dynamic_registration

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