OpenWrt系统

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OpenWrt系统

#OpenWrt系统| 来源: 网络整理| 查看: 265

在树莓派3B上安装完openwrt系统，其中网口和WIFI接口是需要配置后才能使用的。这里主要记录一下配置方法。通过查看/proc/net/dev 目录下的文件，可以知道当前设备存在的接口分别为wlan0(WIFI)，eth0(网口)，br-lan接口。

root@OpenWrt:/# cat /proc/net/dev Inter-| Receive | Transmit face |bytes packets errs drop fifo frame compressed multicast|bytes packets errs drop fifo colls carrier compressed lo: 6528 96 0 0 0 0 0 0 6528 96 0 0 0 0 0 0 wlan0: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 eth0: 8264 134 0 1 0 0 0 0 2366 17 0 0 0 0 0 0 br-lan: 4634 76 0 17 0 0 0 0 1714 11 0 0 0 0 0 0

记录一下初始的接口状态信息：

root@OpenWrt:/# ifconfig br-lan Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr B8:27:EB:1F:83:06 inet addr:192.168.1.1 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fdc6:737:96d5::1/60 Scope:Global inet6 addr: fe80::ba27:ebff:fe1f:8306/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:191 errors:0 dropped:53 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:11 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:12302 (12.0 KiB) TX bytes:1714 (1.6 KiB) eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr B8:27:EB:1F:83:06 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:249 errors:0 dropped:1 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:17 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:15932 (15.5 KiB) TX bytes:2366 (2.3 KiB) lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1 RX packets:160 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:160 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:10880 (10.6 KiB) TX bytes:10880 (10.6 KiB) 1. WIFI配置启动wlan0接口通过ifconfig无法看到对应的wlan0接口信息，根据此判断，当前WIFI未启动，且接口未up。首选将wlan0接口启动。 root@OpenWrt:/# ifconfig wlan0 up [ 332.259732] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlan0: link is not ready 此命令之后，可以通过ifconfig命令看到wlan0接口信息 root@OpenWrt:/# ifconfig wlan0 wlan0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr B8:27:EB:4A:D6:53 UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) 启动WIFI服务我这里的理解是加载wifi对应的驱动，对wifi芯片做参数配置，启动hostapd或者wpa_supplicant进程。 openwrt已经提供了一整套相关的配置方法和命令，我们这里使用openwrt提供好的命令来实现相关配置。 #打印当前wireless的相关配置信息 root@OpenWrt:/# uci show wireless wireless.radio0=wifi-device wireless.radio0.type='mac80211' #驱动类型为mac80211模式 wireless.radio0.channel='11' #wifi信道 wireless.radio0.hwmode='11g' #wifi协议为11g wireless.radio0.path='platform/soc/3f300000.mmc/mmc_host/mmc1/mmc1:0001/mmc1:0001:1' wireless.radio0.htmode='HT20' #20Mhz带宽 wireless.radio0.disabled='1' #从改配置，可以获取到当前wireless处于disable状态 wireless.default_radio0=wifi-iface wireless.default_radio0.device='radio0' wireless.default_radio0.network='lan' wireless.default_radio0.mode='ap' #ap模式 wireless.default_radio0.ssid='OpenWrt' #wifi名称 wireless.default_radio0.encryption='none' #无加密，open模式 #通过UCI命令修改wireless的状态 root@OpenWrt:/# uci set wireless.radio0.disabled='0' root@OpenWrt:/# uci commit wireless #重启wifi系统 root@OpenWrt:/# wifi root@OpenWrt:/# [ 583.957859] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlan0: link is not ready [ 583.966292] br-lan: port 2(wlan0) entered blocking state [ 583.972672] br-lan: port 2(wlan0) entered disabled state [ 583.979136] device wlan0 entered promiscuous mode [ 584.200549] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): wlan0: link becomes ready [ 584.208967] br-lan: port 2(wlan0) entered blocking state [ 584.216103] br-lan: port 2(wlan0) entered forwarding state root@OpenWrt:/# [ 594.331238] device wlan0 left promiscuous mode [ 594.336691] br-lan: port 2(wlan0) entered disabled state [ 595.544979] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlan0: link is not ready [ 595.555528] br-lan: port 2(wlan0) entered blocking state [ 595.562644] br-lan: port 2(wlan0) entered disabled state [ 595.569929] device wlan0 entered promiscuous mode [ 595.791790] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): wlan0: link becomes ready [ 595.800039] br-lan: port 2(wlan0) entered blocking state [ 595.807038] br-lan: port 2(wlan0) entered forwarding state #启动后可看到hostapd进程 root@OpenWrt:/# ps | grep hostapd 1195 root 1812 S /usr/sbin/hostapd -s -P /var/run/wifi-phy0.pid -B /v 1219 root 1200 R grep hostapd

同时，也可以扫描到名称为OpenWrt的WIFI网络。在这里插入图片描述 3. 查看当前连接的用户信息

root@OpenWrt:/# iwinfo wlan0 assoclist 50:2B:73:CC:9E:CB -14 dBm / unknown (SNR -14) 2000 ms ago RX: 72.2 MBit/s 5986 Pkts. TX: 72.2 MBit/s 24722 Pkts. expected throughput: unknown 查看详细的client信息，可以参考 https://blog.csdn.net/linbounconstraint/article/details/80226967 中描述的读取/proc/net/arp或者/tmp/dhcp.leases文件的方式，获取IP等信息。 3. LAN口配置

通过ifconfig命令已经获取到当前br-lan口的IP地址为192.168.1.1。一般我们家中的网关地址也同样为192.168.1.1，这样的话，如果将树莓派直接和家里的路由器连接在一起，就会出现重复网关地址重复的情况，为了避免出现此情况，首先需要修改一下树莓派的br-lan地址配置。

uci set network.lan.ipaddr=192.168.10.1 # Program a static IP address uci commit network /etc/init.d/network restart /etc/init.d/dnsmasq restart

连接WIFI，查看当前PC地址为192.168.10.163. 可以直接通过192.168.10.1 IP地址访问设备openwrt系统。

2. WAN口配置

通过brctl命令可以看到，当前系统中，是将eth0和wlan0同时桥接到了br-lan上。此时，我的理解是将eth0作为了LAN口使用。

root@OpenWrt:/# brctl show bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces br-lan 7fff.b827eb1f8306 no eth0 wlan0

但是，我们如果想连接外网的话，这个时候就想着将eth0口作为WAN口使用。接下来记录一下eth0接口类型修改的步骤：

新增WAN接口