什么是动名词？

动名词也是动词的一种非限定形式，由“动词原形+ing”构成，与现在分词同形。动名词兼有动词和名词的特征和作用。

作主语

1. 以下词作表语时，可用it作形式主语，把作主语的动名词后置：

use, good, pity, bore, fun        hard, funny, nice, odd, worth

difficult, worthwhile, interesting, tiring, better            foolish, enjoyable, pointless, crazy, terrible

It's no use waiting here.

2. There is no +动名词，相当于it is impossible to do sth

There is no accounting for tastes.人各有所好            There is no persuading her.无法劝说她

There was no trusting such a man,这样的人不可信    

There is no getting along with him.简直无法与他相处

There is no hiding of evil but not to do it.若要人不知，除非己莫为

做表语

Her regret is having done so much for him and being abandoned by him.他的遗憾是，曾经为他奉献了那么多，却被他抛弃了 （完成式、被动式）

拓展：注意语态变化

I approved of his taking part in the project.我同意他参与这项工程（同时或以后）

He never talked to me about his having been in Paris.他从未向我讲起他到过巴黎（之前）

动名词也可以有自己的逻辑主语（动名词的复合结构，为了防止歧义）

一般规则是：第一点最常见

1）逻辑主语是有生命名词时，用名词所有格或形容词性物主代词

His coming is what we have expected.

2）逻辑主语是无生命名词或抽象概念名词时，只用通格（原形）

She is fond of coffee being served after dinner. 他喜欢饭后喝点咖啡（无生命）

3）逻辑主语是以s结尾的名词，或是一个以上名词构成的词组，只用通格

It was quite unexpected the students finishing the exam so soon.学生们这么快答完考卷，是十分出乎意料的。

The glory of the marshal counts on many soldiers dying on the battlefield. 一将功成万骨枯

4）逻辑主语是数词、指示代词或不定代词this, that, somebody, someone, nobody, none, anybody, anyone时，一般用通格

I am doubtful of this being the best choice.

He was awakened by somebody shouting outside.（将shouting看作动名词和现在分词，两者含义侧重点不一致）

作宾语

Respecting others means being respected. 尊重别人也就是尊重自己

★1. admit/permit/forbid/advise/allow 这四个词后面可接dong/ sb to do

2. 动名词在need, want, deserve, repay, require, bear, take需要，brook忍受，stand等表示“需要、值得、该受、忍受、经受”等动词及形容词woth后面时，常主动表被动

That needs explaining.

The situation requires careful handling.

Your hair wants cutting.

★3. 在purpose，method，idea，habit等后只能接of + doing，不能接不定式

作定语

表示所修饰的名词的用途、功能

动名词还可以做后置定语