转载：https://blog.csdn.net/ct_ts/article/details/79949160

首先安装包解压后，没有网上教程里面提到的data文件夹和my-default.ini，如下图所示 

配置环境变量很简单

新增系统环境变量：

键名：MYSQL_HOME

值为：E:\mysql-5.7.21-winx64

在path中添加%MYSQL_HOME%\bin

主要注意以下几点：

[mysql]

# 设置mysql客户端默认字符集

default-character-set=utf8

[mysqld]

#设置3306端口

port = 3306

# 设置mysql的安装目录

basedir=E:\mysql-5.7.21-winx64

# 允许最大连接数

max_connections=200

# 服务端使用的字符集默认为8比特编码的latin1字符集

character-set-server=utf8

# 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎

default-storage-engine=INNODB

可以直接复制粘贴，主要修改下basedir后的路径，注意路径中为\\而非\ 

如果出现

MySQL 服务正在启动 .

MySQL 服务无法启动。

为了避免这个错误，需要使用命令生成data文件夹，按如下步骤安装

1. 进入dos的命令行，一定要用administrator进入。

2. 进入MySQL的bin目录，输入mysqld –install可以安装MySQL

D:\>cd D:\Service\mysql57\bin

D:\Service\mysql57\bin>mysqld -install

Service successfully installed.

3. 输入以下命令，可以初始化MySQL数据库，初始化了之后，会打印出MySQL的默认生成的密码，下面标红了的就是默认生成的密码。

D:\Service\mysql57\bin>mysqld --initialize --user=root --console

2015-12-20T08:13:45.264865Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).

2015-12-20T08:13:45.854579Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790

2015-12-20T08:13:45.998772Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.

2015-12-20T08:13:46.098118Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 9755c3ea-a6f1-11e5-81a3-74d02b122fb3.

2015-12-20T08:13:46.121617Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.

2015-12-20T08:13:46.135153Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: g!gRw!d%M0Sj

初始化了以后，可以看到MySQL目录下，多了data目录

4. 启动MySQL服务

D:\Service\mysql57\bin>net start mysql

MySQL 服务正在启动 .

MySQL 服务已经启动成功。

5. 使用默认生成的密码，进入mysql

D:\Service\mysql57\bin>mysql -u root -p

Enter password: ************

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 4

Server version: 5.7.10

Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

6. 进入了mysql就可以修改默认密码了（我把默认密码修改成了root）

这个时候，Windows下的MySQL环境就已经安装好了。