Android 如何实现无网络传输文件 |
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二、注册广播 与 Wifi P2P 相关的广播有以下几个: WIFI_P2P_STATE_CHANGED_ACTION( 用于指示 Wifi P2P 是否可用 ) WIFI_P2P_PEERS_CHANGED_ACTION( 对等节点列表发生了变化 ) WIFI_P2P_CONNECTION_CHANGED_ACTION( Wifi P2P 的连接状态发生了改变 ) WIFI_P2P_THIS_DEVICE_CHANGED_ACTION( 本设备的设备信息发生了变化 )当接收到这几个广播时,我们都需要到 WifiP2pManager (对等网络管理器)来进行相应的信息请求,此外还需要用到 Channel 对象作为请求参数 mWifiP2pManager = (WifiP2pManager) getSystemService(Context.WIFI_P2P_SERVICE); mChannel = mWifiP2pManager.initialize( this, getMainLooper(), this); 当收到 WifiP2pManager.WIFI_P2P_STATE_CHANGED_ACTION广播时,可以判断当前 Wifi P2P是否可用 intstate = intent.getIntExtra(WifiP2pManager.EXTRA_WIFI_STATE, - 1); if(state == WifiP2pManager.WIFI_P2P_STATE_ENABLED) { mDirectActionListener.wifiP2pEnabled( true); } else{ mDirectActionListener.wifiP2pEnabled( false); } 当收到 WifiP2pManager.WIFI_P2P_PEERS_CHANGED_ACTION广播时,意味设备周围的可用设备列表发生了变化,可以通过 requestPeers方法得到可用的设备列表,之后就可以选择当中的某一个设备进行连接操作 mWifiP2pManager.requestPeers(mChannel, newWifiP2pManager.PeerListListener() { @Override publicvoidonPeersAvailable(WifiP2pDeviceList peers){ mDirectActionListener.onPeersAvailable(peers.getDeviceList()); } }); 当收到 WifiP2pManager.WIFI_P2P_CONNECTION_CHANGED_ACTION广播时,意味着 Wifi P2P 的连接状态发生了变化,可能是连接到了某设备,或者是与某设备断开了连接 NetworkInfo networkInfo = intent.getParcelableExtra(WifiP2pManager.EXTRA_NETWORK_INFO); if(networkInfo.isConnected()) { mWifiP2pManager.requestConnectionInfo(mChannel, newWifiP2pManager.ConnectionInfoListener() { @Override publicvoidonConnectionInfoAvailable(WifiP2pInfo info){ mDirectActionListener.onConnectionInfoAvailable(info); } }); Log.e(TAG, "已连接p2p设备"); } else{ mDirectActionListener.onDisconnection(); Log.e(TAG, "与p2p设备已断开连接"); } 如果是与某设备连接上了,则可以通过 requestConnectionInfo方法获取到连接信息 当收到 WifiP2pManager.WIFI_P2P_THIS_DEVICE_CHANGED_ACTION广播时,则可以获取到本设备变化后的设备信息 (WifiP2pDevice) intent.getParcelableExtra(WifiP2pManager.EXTRA_WIFI_P2P_DEVICE) 可以看出 Wifi P2P 的接口高度异步化,到现在已经用到了三个系统的回调函数,一个用于 WifiP2pManager 的初始化,两个用于在广播中异步请求数据,为了简化操作,此处统一使用一个自定义的回调函数,方法含义与系统的回调函数一致 publicinterfaceDirectActionListenerextendsWifiP2pManager.ChannelListener{ voidwifiP2pEnabled(booleanenabled); voidonConnectionInfoAvailable(WifiP2pInfo wifiP2pInfo); voidonDisconnection(); voidonSelfDeviceAvailable(WifiP2pDevice wifiP2pDevice); voidonPeersAvailable(Collection wifiP2pDeviceList); } 所以,整个广播接收器使用到的所有代码是: /** * 作者:chenZY * 时间:2018/2/9 17:53 * 描述: */ publicclassDirectBroadcastReceiverextendsBroadcastReceiver{ privatestaticfinalString TAG = "DirectBroadcastReceiver"; privateWifiP2pManager mWifiP2pManager; privateWifiP2pManager.Channel mChannel; privateDirectActionListener mDirectActionListener; publicDirectBroadcastReceiver(WifiP2pManager wifiP2pManager, WifiP2pManager.Channel channel, DirectActionListener directActionListener){ mWifiP2pManager = wifiP2pManager; mChannel = channel; mDirectActionListener = directActionListener; } publicstaticIntentFilter getIntentFilter(){ IntentFilter intentFilter = newIntentFilter(); intentFilter.addAction(WifiP2pManager.WIFI_P2P_STATE_CHANGED_ACTION); intentFilter.addAction(WifiP2pManager.WIFI_P2P_PEERS_CHANGED_ACTION); intentFilter.addAction(WifiP2pManager.WIFI_P2P_CONNECTION_CHANGED_ACTION); intentFilter.addAction(WifiP2pManager.WIFI_P2P_THIS_DEVICE_CHANGED_ACTION); returnintentFilter; } @Override publicvoidonReceive(Context context, Intent intent){ Log.e(TAG, "接收到广播: "+ intent.getAction()); if(!TextUtils.isEmpty(intent.getAction())) { switch(intent.getAction()) { // 用于指示 Wifi P2P 是否可用 caseWifiP2pManager.WIFI_P2P_STATE_CHANGED_ACTION: { intstate = intent.getIntExtra(WifiP2pManager.EXTRA_WIFI_STATE, - 1); if(state == WifiP2pManager.WIFI_P2P_STATE_ENABLED) { mDirectActionListener.wifiP2pEnabled( true); } else{ mDirectActionListener.wifiP2pEnabled( false); List wifiP2pDeviceList = newArrayList(); mDirectActionListener.onPeersAvailable(wifiP2pDeviceList); } break; } // 对等节点列表发生了变化 caseWifiP2pManager.WIFI_P2P_PEERS_CHANGED_ACTION: { mWifiP2pManager.requestPeers(mChannel, newWifiP2pManager.PeerListListener() { @Override publicvoidonPeersAvailable(WifiP2pDeviceList peers){ mDirectActionListener.onPeersAvailable(peers.getDeviceList()); } }); break; } // Wifi P2P 的连接状态发生了改变 caseWifiP2pManager.WIFI_P2P_CONNECTION_CHANGED_ACTION: { NetworkInfo networkInfo = intent.getParcelableExtra(WifiP2pManager.EXTRA_NETWORK_INFO); if(networkInfo.isConnected()) { mWifiP2pManager.requestConnectionInfo(mChannel, newWifiP2pManager.ConnectionInfoListener() { @Override publicvoidonConnectionInfoAvailable(WifiP2pInfo info){ mDirectActionListener.onConnectionInfoAvailable(info); } }); Log.e(TAG, "已连接p2p设备"); } else{ mDirectActionListener.onDisconnection(); Log.e(TAG, "与p2p设备已断开连接"); } break; } //本设备的设备信息发生了变化 caseWifiP2pManager.WIFI_P2P_THIS_DEVICE_CHANGED_ACTION: { mDirectActionListener.onSelfDeviceAvailable((WifiP2pDevice) intent.getParcelableExtra(WifiP2pManager.EXTRA_WIFI_P2P_DEVICE)); break; } } } } } 三、服务器端创建群组 假设当设备A搜索到了设备B,并与设备B连接到了一起,此时系统会自动创建一个群组(Group)并随机指定一台设备为群主(GroupOwner)。此时,对于两台设备来说,群主的IP地址是可知的(系统回调函数中有提供),但客户端的IP地址需要再来通过其他方法来主动获取。例如,可以在设备连接成功后,客户端主动发起对服务器端的Socket连接请求,服务器端在指定端口监听客户端的连接请求,当连接成功后,服务器端就可以获取到客户端的IP地址了 此处为了简化操作,直接指定某台设备作为服务器端(群主),即直接指定某台设备用来接收文件 因此,服务器端要主动创建群组,并等待客户端的连接 wifiP2pManager.createGroup(channel, newWifiP2pManager.ActionListener() { @Override publicvoidonSuccess(){ Log.e(TAG, "createGroup onSuccess"); dismissLoadingDialog(); showToast( "onSuccess"); } @Override publicvoidonFailure(intreason){ Log.e(TAG, "createGroup onFailure: "+ reason); dismissLoadingDialog(); showToast( "onFailure"); } }); 此处,使用 IntentService 在后台监听客户端的Socket连接请求,并通过输入输出流来传输文件。此处的代码比较简单,就只是在指定端口一直堵塞监听客户端的连接请求,获取待传输的文件信息模型 FileTransfer ,之后就进行实际的数据传输 @Override protectedvoidonHandleIntent(Intent intent){ clean(); File file = null; try{ serverSocket = newServerSocket(); serverSocket.setReuseAddress( true); serverSocket.bind( newInetSocketAddress(PORT)); Socket client = serverSocket.accept(); Log.e(TAG, "客户端IP地址 : "+ client.getInetAddress().getHostAddress()); inputStream = client.getInputStream(); objectInputStream = newObjectInputStream(inputStream); FileTransfer fileTransfer = (FileTransfer) objectInputStream.readObject(); Log.e(TAG, "待接收的文件: "+ fileTransfer); String name = newFile(fileTransfer.getFilePath()).getName(); //将文件存储至指定位置 file = newFile(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/"+ name); fileOutputStream = newFileOutputStream(file); bytebuf[] = newbyte[ 512]; intlen; longtotal = 0; intprogress; while((len = inputStream.read(buf)) != - 1) { fileOutputStream.write(buf, 0, len); total += len; progress = ( int) ((total * 100) / fileTransfer.getFileLength()); Log.e(TAG, "文件接收进度: "+ progress); if(progressChangListener != null) { progressChangListener.onProgressChanged(fileTransfer, progress); } } serverSocket.close(); inputStream.close(); objectInputStream.close(); fileOutputStream.close(); serverSocket = null; inputStream = null; objectInputStream = null; fileOutputStream = null; Log.e(TAG, "文件接收成功,文件的MD5码是:"+ Md5Util.getMd5(file)); } catch(Exception e) { Log.e(TAG, "文件接收 Exception: "+ e.getMessage()); } finally{ clean(); if(progressChangListener != null) { progressChangListener.onTransferFinished(file); } //再次启动服务,等待客户端下次连接 startService( newIntent( this, WifiServerService.class)); } } 因为客户端可能会多次发起连接请求,所以当此处文件传输完成后(不管成功或失败),都需要重新 startService ,让服务再次堵塞等待客户端的连接请求 FileTransfer 包含三个字段,MD5码值用于校验文件的完整性,fileLength 是为了用于计算文件的传输进度 publicclassFileTransferimplementsSerializable{ //文件路径 privateString filePath; //文件大小 privatelongfileLength; //MD5码 privateString md5; ··· } 为了将文件传输进度发布到外部界面,所以除了需要启动Service外,界面还需要绑定Service,此处就需要用到一个更新文件传输状态的接口 publicinterfaceOnProgressChangListener{ //当传输进度发生变化时 voidonProgressChanged(FileTransfer fileTransfer, intprogress); //当传输结束时 voidonTransferFinished(File file); } 因此,需要将 progressChangListener 作为参数传给 WifiServerService ,并在进度变化时更新进度对话框 privateWifiServerService.OnProgressChangListener progressChangListener = newWifiServerService.OnProgressChangListener() { @Override publicvoidonProgressChanged(finalFileTransfer fileTransfer, finalintprogress){ runOnUiThread( newRunnable() { @Override publicvoidrun(){ progressDialog.setMessage( "文件名: "+ newFile(fileTransfer.getFilePath()).getName()); progressDialog.setProgress(progress); progressDialog.show(); } }); } @Override publicvoidonTransferFinished(finalFile file){ runOnUiThread( newRunnable() { @Override publicvoidrun(){ progressDialog.cancel(); if(file != null&& file.exists()) { openFile(file.getPath()); } } }); } }; 四、客户端加入群组并发起文件传输请求 文件发送界面 SendFileActivity 需要实现 DirectActionListener 接口 首先,需要先注册P2P广播,以便获取周边设备信息以及连接状态 @Override protectedvoidonCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){ super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_send_file); initView(); mWifiP2pManager = (WifiP2pManager) getSystemService(Context.WIFI_P2P_SERVICE); mChannel = mWifiP2pManager.initialize( this, getMainLooper(), this); broadcastReceiver = newDirectBroadcastReceiver(mWifiP2pManager, mChannel, this); registerReceiver(broadcastReceiver, DirectBroadcastReceiver.getIntentFilter()); } 通过 discoverPeers方法搜索周边设备,回调函数用于通知方法是否调用成功 mWifiP2pManager.discoverPeers(mChannel, newWifiP2pManager.ActionListener() { @Override publicvoidonSuccess(){ showToast( "Success"); } @Override publicvoidonFailure(intreasonCode){ showToast( "Failure"); loadingDialog.cancel(); } }); 当搜索结束后,系统就会触发 WifiP2pManager.WIFI_P2P_PEERS_CHANGED_ACTION广播,此时就可以调用 requestPeers方法获取设备列表信息,此处用 RecyclerView 展示列表,在 onPeersAvailable 方法刷新列表 mWifiP2pManager.requestPeers(mChannel, newWifiP2pManager.PeerListListener() { @Override publicvoidonPeersAvailable(WifiP2pDeviceList peers){ mDirectActionListener.onPeersAvailable(peers.getDeviceList()); } }); @Override publicvoidonPeersAvailable(Collection wifiP2pDeviceList){ Log.e(TAG, "onPeersAvailable :"+ wifiP2pDeviceList.size()); this.wifiP2pDeviceList.clear(); this.wifiP2pDeviceList.addAll(wifiP2pDeviceList); deviceAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged(); loadingDialog.cancel(); } 之后,通过点击事件选中群主(服务器端)设备,通过 connect方法请求与之进行连接 privatevoidconnect(){ WifiP2pConfig config = newWifiP2pConfig(); if(config.deviceAddress != null&& mWifiP2pDevice != null) { config.deviceAddress = mWifiP2pDevice.deviceAddress; config.wps.setup = WpsInfo.PBC; showLoadingDialog( "正在连接 "+ mWifiP2pDevice.deviceName); mWifiP2pManager.connect(mChannel, config, newWifiP2pManager.ActionListener() { @Override publicvoidonSuccess(){ Log.e(TAG, "connect onSuccess"); } @Override publicvoidonFailure(intreason){ showToast( "连接失败 "+ reason); dismissLoadingDialog(); } }); } } 此处依然无法通过函数函数来判断连接结果,需要依靠系统发出的 WifiP2pManager.WIFI_P2P_CONNECTION_CHANGED_ACTION方法来获取到连接结果,在此处可以通过 requestConnectionInfo获取到组连接信息,信息最后通过 onConnectionInfoAvailable方法传递出来,在此可以判断当前设备是否为群主,获取群组IP地址 @Override publicvoidonConnectionInfoAvailable(WifiP2pInfo wifiP2pInfo){ dismissLoadingDialog(); wifiP2pDeviceList.clear(); deviceAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged(); btn_disconnect.setEnabled( true); btn_chooseFile.setEnabled( true); Log.e(TAG, "onConnectionInfoAvailable"); Log.e(TAG, "onConnectionInfoAvailable groupFormed: "+ wifiP2pInfo.groupFormed); Log.e(TAG, "onConnectionInfoAvailable isGroupOwner: "+ wifiP2pInfo.isGroupOwner); Log.e(TAG, "onConnectionInfoAvailable getHostAddress: "+ wifiP2pInfo.groupOwnerAddress.getHostAddress()); StringBuilder stringBuilder = newStringBuilder(); if(mWifiP2pDevice != null) { stringBuilder.append( "连接的设备名:"); stringBuilder.append(mWifiP2pDevice.deviceName); stringBuilder.append( ""); stringBuilder.append( "连接的设备的地址:"); stringBuilder.append(mWifiP2pDevice.deviceAddress); } stringBuilder.append( ""); stringBuilder.append( "是否群主:"); stringBuilder.append(wifiP2pInfo.isGroupOwner ? "是群主": "非群主"); stringBuilder.append( ""); stringBuilder.append( "群主IP地址:"); stringBuilder.append(wifiP2pInfo.groupOwnerAddress.getHostAddress()); tv_status.setText(stringBuilder); if(wifiP2pInfo.groupFormed && !wifiP2pInfo.isGroupOwner) { this.wifiP2pInfo = wifiP2pInfo; } } 至此服务器端和客户端已经通过 Wifi P2P 连接在了一起,客户端也获取到了服务器端的IP地址,在选取好待发送的文件后就可以主动发起对服务器端的连接请求了 发起选取文件的方法 Intent intent = newIntent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT); intent.setType( "*/*"); intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE); startActivityForResult(intent, 1); 获取选取的文件的实际路径 @Override protectedvoidonActivityResult(intrequestCode, intresultCode, Intent data){ super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data); if(requestCode == 1) { if(resultCode == RESULT_OK) { Uri uri = data.getData(); if(uri != null) { String path = getPath( this, uri); if(path != null) { File file = newFile(path); if(file.exists() && wifiP2pInfo != null) { FileTransfer fileTransfer = newFileTransfer(file.getPath(), file.length()); Log.e(TAG, "待发送的文件:"+ fileTransfer); newWifiClientTask( this, fileTransfer).execute(wifiP2pInfo.groupOwnerAddress.getHostAddress()); } } } } } } privateString getPath(Context context, Uri uri){ if( "content".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) { Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, newString[]{ "_data"}, null, null, null); if(cursor != null) { if(cursor.moveToFirst()) { String data = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex( "_data")); cursor.close(); returndata; } } } elseif("file".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) { returnuri.getPath(); } returnnull; } 文件的发送操作放到 AsyncTask 中处理,将服务器端的IP地址作为参数传进来,在正式发送文件前,先发送包含文件信息(文件名,文件大小,文件MD5码)的信息模型 FileTransfer ,并在发送文件的过程中同时更新进度 /** * 作者:叶应是叶 * 时间:2018/2/15 8:51 * 描述:客户端发送文件 */ publicclassWifiClientTaskextendsAsyncTask { privateProgressDialog progressDialog; privateFileTransfer fileTransfer; privatestaticfinalintPORT = 4786; privatestaticfinalString TAG = "WifiClientTask"; publicWifiClientTask(Context context, FileTransfer fileTransfer){ this.fileTransfer = fileTransfer; progressDialog = newProgressDialog(context); progressDialog.setProgressStyle(ProgressDialog.STYLE_HORIZONTAL); progressDialog.setCancelable( false); progressDialog.setCanceledOnTouchOutside( false); progressDialog.setTitle( "正在发送文件"); progressDialog.setMax( 100); } @Override protectedvoidonPreExecute(){ progressDialog.show(); } @Override protectedBoolean doInBackground(String... strings){ fileTransfer.setMd5(Md5Util.getMd5( newFile(fileTransfer.getFilePath()))); Log.e(TAG, "文件的MD5码值是:"+ fileTransfer.getMd5()); Socket socket = null; OutputStream outputStream = null; ObjectOutputStream objectOutputStream = null; InputStream inputStream = null; try{ socket = newSocket(); socket.bind( null); socket.connect(( newInetSocketAddress(strings[ 0], PORT)), 10000); outputStream = socket.getOutputStream(); objectOutputStream = newObjectOutputStream(outputStream); objectOutputStream.writeObject(fileTransfer); inputStream = newFileInputStream( newFile(fileTransfer.getFilePath())); longfileSize = fileTransfer.getFileLength(); longtotal = 0; bytebuf[] = newbyte[ 512]; intlen; while((len = inputStream.read(buf)) != - 1) { outputStream.write(buf, 0, len); total += len; intprogress = ( int) ((total * 100) / fileSize); publishProgress(progress); Log.e(TAG, "文件发送进度:"+ progress); } outputStream.close(); objectOutputStream.close(); inputStream.close(); socket.close(); outputStream = null; objectOutputStream = null; inputStream = null; socket = null; Log.e(TAG, "文件发送成功"); returntrue; } catch(Exception e) { Log.e(TAG, "文件发送异常 Exception: "+ e.getMessage()); } finally{ if(outputStream != null) { try{ outputStream.close(); } catch(IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } if(objectOutputStream != null) { try{ objectOutputStream.close(); } catch(IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } if(inputStream != null) { try{ inputStream.close(); } catch(IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } if(socket != null) { try{ socket.close(); } catch(Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } returnfalse; } @OverrideprotectedvoidonProgressUpdate(Integer... values){ progressDialog.setProgress(values[ 0]); } @OverrideprotectedvoidonPostExecute(Boolean aBoolean){ progressDialog.cancel(); Log.e(TAG, "onPostExecute: "+ aBoolean); }} 五、校验文件完整性 传输文件的完整性主要是通过计算文件的MD5码值来保证了,在发送文件前,即在 WifiClientTask 的 doInBackground 方法中进行计算,将MD5码值赋给 FileTransfer 模型,通过如下方法计算得到 /** * 作者:叶应是叶 * 时间:2018/2/14 21:16 * 描述: */ publicclassMd5Util{ publicstaticString getMd5(File file){ InputStream inputStream = null; byte[] buffer = newbyte[ 2048]; intnumRead; MessageDigest md5; try{ inputStream = newFileInputStream(file); md5 = MessageDigest.getInstance( "MD5"); while((numRead = inputStream.read(buffer)) > 0) { md5.update(buffer, 0, numRead); } inputStream.close(); inputStream = null; returnmd5ToString(md5.digest()); } catch(Exception e) { returnnull; } finally{ if(inputStream != null) { try{ inputStream.close(); } catch(IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } } privatestaticString md5ToString(byte[] md5Bytes){ StringBuilder hexValue = newStringBuilder(); for( byteb : md5Bytes) { intval = (( int) b) & 0xff; if(val < 16) { hexValue.append( "0"); } hexValue.append(Integer.toHexString(val)); } returnhexValue.toString(); }} 因为客户端会将 FileTransfer 传给服务器端,所以服务器端在文件传输结束后,可以重新计算文件的MD5码值,进行对比以判断文件是否完整。 代码地址:https://github.com/leavesC/WifiP2P返回搜狐,查看更多 来源:叶应是叶 http://www.apkbus.com/blog-948391-77256.html 程序员大咖整理发布,转载请联系作者获得授权 |
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