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学习是一种态度，只要你有态度，学习将会是一种乐趣
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用户磁盘配额（针对分区）
1、如果任何用户可以随意使用磁盘空间，也是一件很可怕的事情，磁盘被写满之后，各种应用也将无法运行，甚至启动。使硬盘空间被占满有很多种方法：dd if=/dev/zero方法，或者copy大量无用文件等等 2、用户的家目录（home）应该使用单独的分区，而不是在根（/）分区中。如果在根分区中，任何用户又有对自己家目录的所有操作权限，就很容易将根目录写满数据 3、所以需要使用将磁盘进行分区，然后对分区中不同用户划分不的配额
#usrquota、grpquota #用户配额、组配额
mount -o remount,usrquota /test #临时性操作：remount重新挂载，挂载过程设置usrquota，对test目录
vim /etc/fstab #长期性的保存，就需要修改fstab。在
#/test / ext4 defaults,usrquota 0 0
#其实和挂载其它硬盘一样，只是在defaults后添加用户配额（usrquota）或组配额（grpquota）
#defaults处，添加usrquota
quotacheck -cu #创建（-c）用户（-u）配额文件
#分在对应分区创建aquota.user或aquota.group文件
quotaon /test #开启test目录的配额功能
quotaoff /test #关闭test目录的配额功能
edquota 用户名 #调用vi进入编辑页面
#/dev/sda2 blocks soft hard inodes soft hard
#block soft hard #空间大小，soft限制达到只是提示，还有宽限期
#inodes soft hard #文件数量
quota #查看用户配额使用情况
repquota /test #（管理员）查看test分区上的所有用户限额
附
[root@bogon ~]# quotacheck
Bad number of arguments.
Utility for checking and repairing quota files.
quotacheck [-gucbfinvdmMR] [-F ] filesystem|-a
-u, --user check user files
-g, --group check group files
-c, --create-files create new quota files
-b, --backup create backups of old quota files
-f, --force force check even if quotas are enabled
-i, --interactive interactive mode
-n, --use-first-dquot use the first copy of duplicated structure
-v, --verbose print more information
-d, --debug print even more messages
-m, --no-remount do not remount filesystem read-only
-M, --try-remount try remounting filesystem read-only,
continue even if it fails
-R, --exclude-root exclude root when checking all filesystems
-F, --format=formatname check quota files of specific format
-a, --all check all filesystems
-h, --help display this message and exit
-V, --version display version information and exit
Bugs to [email protected]
[root@bogon ~]# mount -h
Usage: mount -V : print version
mount -h : print this help
mount : list mounted filesystems
mount -l : idem, including volume labels
So far the informational part. Next the mounting.
The command is `mount [-t fstype] something somewhere'.
Details found in /etc/fstab may be omitted.
mount -a [-t|-O] ... : mount all stuff from /etc/fstab
mount device : mount device at the known place
mount directory : mount known device here
mount -t type dev dir : ordinary mount command
Note that one does not really mount a device, one mounts
a filesystem (of the given type) found on the device.
One can also mount an already visible directory tree elsewhere:
mount --bind olddir newdir
or move a subtree:
mount --move olddir newdir
One can change the type of mount containing the directory dir:
mount --make-shared dir
mount --make-slave dir
mount --make-private dir
mount --make-unbindable dir
One can change the type of all the mounts in a mount subtree
containing the directory dir:
mount --make-rshared dir
mount --make-rslave dir
mount --make-rprivate dir
mount --make-runbindable dir
A device can be given by name, say /dev/hda1 or /dev/cdrom,
or by label, using -L label or by uuid, using -U uuid .
Other options: [-nfFrsvw] [-o options] [-p passwdfd].
For many more details, say man 8 mount .
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