CentOS7安装python3和pip3 |
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CentOS7安装python3和pip3
 版权声明：署名，允许他人基于本文进行创作，且必须基于与原先许可协议相同的许可协议分发本文 （Creative Commons） 环境信息操作系统：CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 Python：3.7.4 现状说明当前CentOS系统自带了python2.7.5，因为yum会用到python2，所以不能删除，此次安装了python3之后就保持两个版本长期共存吧。 本次安装采用的是下载python源码再编译的方式； 操作步骤以root身份登录CentOS，以下操作都在默认的~目录下： yum更新：yum update -y安装必要的软件：yum -y install \ zlib-devel \ bzip2-devel \ openssl-devel \ ncurses-devel \ sqlite-devel \ readline-devel \ tk-devel \ libffi-devel \ wget \ gcc \ make下载python3.7.4源码：wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.4/Python-3.7.4.tgz解压：tar -zxvf Python-3.7.4.tgz进入解压后的目录，执行编译前的configure操作：cd Python-3.7.4 && ./configure prefix=/usr/local/python3编译源码，在Python-3.7.4目录执行以下命令：make && make install编译成功后提示如下信息，setuptools和pip都已经部署成功： Collecting setuptools Collecting pip Installing collected packages: setuptools, pip Successfully installed pip-19.0.3 setuptools-40.8.0创建python3的链接：ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.7 /usr/bin/python3创建pip3的链接：ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3pip3升级pip3 install --upgrade pip至此，安装完成，接下来简单验证一下 验证简单操作如下，可见python3安装成功：[root@python3 ~]# python3 --version Python 3.7.4 [root@python3 ~]# pip3 --version pip 19.1.1 from /usr/local/python3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip (python 3.7) [root@python3 ~]# python3 Python 3.7.4 (default, Jul 20 2019, 11:35:19) [GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-36)] on linux Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> print("Hello world") Hello world按下Ctrl+d退出python3对话模式 2. 安装Flask： pip3 install Flask控制台输出以下信息，表示安装Flask成功： [root@python3 ~]# pip3 install Flask Collecting Flask Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/9b/93/628509b8d5dc749656a9641f4caf13540e2cdec85276964ff8f43bbb1d3b/Flask-1.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (94kB) |████████████████████████████████| 102kB 431kB/s Collecting itsdangerous>=0.24 (from Flask) Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/76/ae/44b03b253d6fade317f32c24d100b3b35c2239807046a4c953c7b89fa49e/itsdangerous-1.1.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl Collecting click>=5.1 (from Flask) Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/fa/37/45185cb5abbc30d7257104c434fe0b07e5a195a6847506c074527aa599ec/Click-7.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (81kB) |████████████████████████████████| 81kB 1.3MB/s Collecting Jinja2>=2.10.1 (from Flask) Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/1d/e7/fd8b501e7a6dfe492a433deb7b9d833d39ca74916fa8bc63dd1a4947a671/Jinja2-2.10.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (124kB) |████████████████████████████████| 133kB 1.8MB/s Collecting Werkzeug>=0.15 (from Flask) Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/d1/ab/d3bed6b92042622d24decc7aadc8877badf18aeca1571045840ad4956d3f/Werkzeug-0.15.5-py2.py3-none-any.whl (328kB) |████████████████████████████████| 337kB 3.4MB/s Collecting MarkupSafe>=0.23 (from Jinja2>=2.10.1->Flask) Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/98/7b/ff284bd8c80654e471b769062a9b43cc5d03e7a615048d96f4619df8d420/MarkupSafe-1.1.1-cp37-cp37m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl Installing collected packages: itsdangerous, click, MarkupSafe, Jinja2, Werkzeug, Flask Successfully installed Flask-1.1.1 Jinja2-2.10.1 MarkupSafe-1.1.1 Werkzeug-0.15.5 click-7.0 itsdangerous-1.1.0创建名为hello.py的文件，内容如下：from flask import Flask app = Flask(__name__) @app.route('/') def hello(): return 'Hello flask' if __name__ == '__main__': app.run(host='0.0.0.0',port=5000,debug=True)运行脚本：python3 hello.py当前CentOS电脑的IP地址是192.168.121.134，在浏览器访问： ，得到响应如下图所示： 至此，python3、pip3都验证通过。 |
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