一、在Linux下启动Oracle 1.登录到Linux服务器，切换到oracle用户权限(命令是：# su –l oracle)

2.进入sqlplus界面(命令是：$ sqlplus /nolog 或 sqlplus / as sysdba)

原本的画面会变为 SQL> 接着请输入 SQL>conn / as sysdba ; 输入 SQL> startup (作用：启动数据库实例) 另外停止数据库的指令如下： SQL> shutdown immediate

复制代码 1 [oracle@localhost ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba --进入sqlplus界面 2 3 SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Mar 17 10:48:08 2022 4 5 Copyright © 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved. 6 7 Connected to an idle instance. 8 9 SQL> quit 10 Disconnected

11 [oracle@localhost ~]$ sqlplus /nolog --进入sqlplus界面 12 13 SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Mar 17 10:48:42 2022 14 15 Copyright © 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved. 16 17 SQL> conn / as sysdba --sysdba登录 18 Connected to an idle instance. 19 SQL> startup --启动数据库实例 20 ORACLE instance started. 21 22 Total System Global Area 1068937216 bytes 23 Fixed Size 2220200 bytes 24 Variable Size 281022296 bytes 25 Database Buffers 780140544 bytes 26 Redo Buffers 5554176 bytes 27 Database mounted. 28 Database opened. 29 SQL> shutdown immediate --关闭数据库实例 30 31 Database closed. 32 Database dismounted. 33 34 35 ORACLE instance shut down. 36 SQL>quit --退出 复制代码 二、检查Oracle 数据库是否启动

回到终端机模式，输入：ps -ef|grep ora_ (作用是：查看是否有Oracle的进程,如果有,大多数情况说明启动了。)

复制代码 [oracle@localhost ~]$ ps -ef|grep ora_ oracle 12193 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_pmon_orcl oracle 12195 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_vktm_orcl oracle 12199 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_gen0_orcl oracle 12201 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_diag_orcl oracle 12203 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_dbrm_orcl oracle 12205 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_psp0_orcl oracle 12207 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_dia0_orcl oracle 12209 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_mman_orcl oracle 12211 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_dbw0_orcl oracle 12213 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_lgwr_orcl oracle 12215 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_ckpt_orcl oracle 12217 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_smon_orcl oracle 12219 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_reco_orcl oracle 12221 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_mmon_orcl oracle 12223 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_mmnl_orcl oracle 12225 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_d000_orcl oracle 12227 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_s000_orcl oracle 12239 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_qmnc_orcl oracle 12257 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_cjq0_orcl oracle 12277 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_q000_orcl oracle 12279 1 0 11:00 ? 00:00:00 ora_q001_orcl oracle 12389 10058 0 11:01 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto ora_ [oracle@localhost ~]$ 复制代码 三、检查Oracle DB监听器是否正常

输入：$ lsnrctl status (作用是：检查监听是否启动。) 以下为没有启动。

复制代码 [oracle@localhost ~]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 17-MAR-2022 11:03:33

Copyright © 1991, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) TNS-12541: TNS:no listener TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error TNS-00511: No listener Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521))) TNS-12541: TNS:no listener TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error TNS-00511: No listener Linux Error: 111: Connection refused [oracle@localhost ~]$ ^C [oracle@localhost ~]$ 复制代码 如果没有启动，可以输入：$ lsnrctl start (作用是：启动监听器)

复制代码 [oracle@localhost ~]$ lsnrctl start

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 17-MAR-2022 11:04:48

Copyright © 1991, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Starting /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/bin/tnslsnr: please wait…

TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production System parameter file is /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/network/admin/listener.ora Log messages written to /data/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/localhost/listener/alert/log.xml Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521)))

Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production Start Date 17-MAR-2022 11:04:48 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /data/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/localhost/listener/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary… (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521))) The listener supports no services The command completed successfully [oracle@localhost ~]$ 复制代码 另外停止监听的指令如下：

$ lsnrctl stop