1.查看硬盘型号

   fdisk -l      //查看你的硬盘编号，如sda,sdb 等 

[root@root  web]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 300.0 GB, 299966445568 bytes, 585871964 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 262144 bytes / 262144 bytes Disk label type: dos Disk identifier: 0x000aaaaa

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System /dev/sda1   *        2048     1026047      512000   83  Linux /dev/sda2         1026048    33794047    16384000   82  Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3        33794048    34818047      512000    6  FAT16 /dev/sda4        34818048   585871359   275526656    5  Extended /dev/sda5        34820096   585871359   275525632   83  Linux

硬盘的读写是以sector扇区为单位，1扇区是512bytes；操作系统是对硬盘的读写是以block块为单位 1块是 8 * 512bytes = 4K

2.查详细硬盘信息

  smartctl --all /dev/sda 

[root@root  web]# smartctl --all /dev/sda smartctl 6.2 2013-07-26 r3841 [x86_64-linux-3.10.0-514.el7.x86_64] (local build) Copyright (C) 2002-13, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION === Vendor:               HP Product:              LOGICAL VOLUME Revision:             8.32 User Capacity:        299,966,445,568 bytes [299 GB] Logical block size:   512 bytes Logical Unit id:      0xdddddd Serial number:        0011111111111 Device type:          disk Local Time is:        Wed Apr 15 09:18:23 2020 CST SMART support is:     Available - device has SMART capability. SMART support is:     Enabled Temperature Warning:  Disabled or Not Supported

3.Linux查看硬盘是SSD还是HDD

 cat /sys/block/sda/queue/rotational

  查看/sys/block/sda/queue/rotational数值，1表示旋转就是机械硬盘，0非旋转就是固态硬盘。

  4.列出所有存储设备

    [root@root /]# lsblk NAME   MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sda      8:0    0 279.4G  0 disk  ├─sda1   8:1    0   500M  0 part /boot ├─sda2   8:2    0  15.6G  0 part [SWAP] ├─sda3   8:3    0   500M  0 part /boot/efi ├─sda4   8:4    0     1K  0 part  └─sda5   8:5    0 262.8G  0 part /