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分类[编辑]
以f或fe结尾[编辑]
大多数以f或fe结尾的名词的复数形式时将其转为ves，如：
calf → calves
elf → elves
half → halves
hoof → hooves
knife → knives
leaf → leaves
life → lives
loaf → loaves
scarf → scarfs/scarves
self → selves
sheaf → sheaves
shelf → shelves
thief → thieves
wife → wives
wolf → wolves
元音[编辑]
有些名称的复数形式是改变它们的元音声：
fireman → firemen
foot → feet
goose → geese
louse → lice
man → men
mouse → mice
tooth → teeth
woman → women
古英语[编辑]
有些是沿用古英语：
child → children
ox → oxen
以o结尾[编辑]
有的以o结尾的单词加“s”：
auto → autos
kangaroo → kangaroos
kilo → kilos
memo → memos
photo → photos
piano → pianos
pimento → pimentos
pro → pros
solo → solos
soprano → sopranos
studio → studios
tattoo → tattoos
video → videos
zoo → zoos
有的则加“es”：
echo → echoes
embargo → embargoes
hero → heroes
potato → potatoes
tomato → tomatoes
torpedo → torpedoes
veto → vetoes
有的两种都可以：
buffalo → buffalos/buffaloes
cargo → cargos/cargoes
halo → halos/haloes
mosquito → mosquitos/mosquitoes
motto → mottos/mottoes
no → nos/noes
tornado → tornados/tornadoes
volcano → volcanos/volcanoes
zero → zeros/zeroes
不变[编辑]
有的则不变：
cod → cod *
deer → deer
fish → fish *
offspring → offspring
perch → perch *
sheep → sheep
trout → trout *
注：带“*”号的都是鱼类，很多鱼类的复数形式都是不变的，但有例外
下面这些都是固有复数，即使单数也是像复数形式：
barracks → barracks
crossroads → crossroads
dice/die → dice
gallows → gallows
headquarters → headquarters
means → means
series → series
species → species
借用单词[编辑]
英语中有些单词是借用其他语言的。部分借用单词的复数跟随外语形式，下面每行的第二个单词都是外语形式，第三个为现时英语使用：
alga → algae
amoeba → amoebae → amoebas
antenna → antennae → antennas
formula → formulae → formulas
larva → larvae →
nebula → nebulae → nebulas
vertebra → vertebrae
以“us”结尾的转为“a”（适用于专业术语）：
corpus → corpora
genus → genera
以“us”结尾的转为“i”：
alumnus → alumni
bacillus → bacilli
cactus → cacti → cactuses
focus → foci
fungus → fungi → funguses
nucleus → nuclei
octopus → octopi → octopuses
radius → radii
stimulus → stimuli
syllabus → syllabi → syllabuses
terminus → termini
以“um”结尾的转为“a”：
addendum → addenda
bacterium → bacteria
curriculum → curricula → curriculums
datum → data
erratum → errata
medium → media
memorandum → memoranda → memorandums
ovum → ova
stratum → strata
symposium → symposia → symposiums
以“ex”或“ix”结尾的转为“ices”：
apex → apices → apexes
appendix → appendices → appendixes
cervix → cervices → cervixes
index → indices → indexes
matrix → matrices → matrixes
vortex → vortices
以“is”结尾的转为“es”：
analysis → analyses
axis → axes
basis → bases
crisis → crises
diagnosis → diagnoses
emphasis → emphases
hypothesis → hypotheses
neurosis → neuroses
oasis → oases
parenthesis → parentheses
synopsis → synopses
thesis → theses
以“on”结尾的转为“a”：
criterion → criteria
phenomenon → phenomena
automaton → automata
英语中沿用其他语言的规则：
意大利语
libretto → libretti
tempo → tempi
virtuoso → virtuosi
希伯来语
cherub → cherubim
seraph → seraphim
希腊语
schema → schemata
不规则复数列表[编辑]
A
addendum → addenda
alga → algae
alumna → alumnae
alumnus → alumni
analysis → analyses
antenna → antennas,antennae
apparatus → apparatuses
appendix → appendices,appendixes
axis → axes
B
bacillus → bacilli
bacterium → bacteria
basis → bases
beau → beaux
bison → bison
buffalo → buffalos,buffaloes
bureau → bureaus
bus → busses,buses
C
cactus → cactuses,cacti
calf → calves
child → children
corps → corps
corpus → corpora,corpuses
crisis → crises
criterion → criteria
curriculum → curricula
D
datum → data
deer → deer
die → dice
dwarf → dwarfs,dwarves
diagnosis → diagnoses
E
echo → echoes
elf → elves
ellipsis → ellipses
embargo → embargoes
emphasis → emphases
erratum → errata
F
fireman → firemen
fish → fish,fishes
focus → focuses
foot → feet
formula → formulas
fungus → fungi,funguses
G
genus → genera
goose → geese
H
half → halves
hero → heroes
hippopotamus → hippopotami,hippopotamuses
hoof → hoofs,hooves
hypothesis → hypotheses
I
index → indices,indexes
K
knife → knives
L
leaf → leaves
life → lives
loaf → loaves
louse → lice
M
man → men
matrix → matrices
means → means
medium → media
memorandum → memoranda
millennium → millenniums,milennia
moose → moose
mosquito → mosquitoes
mouse → mice
N
nebula → nebulae,nebulas
neurosis → neuroses
nucleus → nuclei
O
oasis → oases
octopus → octopi,octopuses
ovum → ova
ox → oxen
P
paralysis → paralyses
parenthesis → parentheses
person → people
phenomenon → phenomena
potato → potatoes
R
radius → radii,radiuses
S
scarf → scarfs,scarves
self → selves
series → series
sheep → sheep
shelf → shelves
scissors → scissors
species → species
stimulus → stimuli
stratum → strata
syllabus → syllabi,syllabuses
symposium → symposia,symposiums
synthesis → syntheses
synopsis → synopses
T
tableau → tableaux
that → those
thesis → theses
thief → thieves
this → these
tomato → tomatoes
tooth → teeth
torpedo → torpedoes
V
vertebra → vertebrae
veto → vetoes
vita → vitae
W
watch → watches
wife → wives
wolf → wolves
woman → women
Z
zero → zeros,zeroes
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