层状双氢氧化物 (LDH) 是催化、能源和医学等多种领域的理想无机材料。记忆效应是指对某些特殊材料进行分解处理后重建成其初始结构的能力。基于独特的性质，层状结构可以在水溶液或潮湿空气中由煅烧的LDH（层状双氧化物，LDO）再生。这种效应为 LDHs 的修饰提供了新的范例，增加了 LDHs 中活性位点的丰度，并为多功能环境应用保留了原始活性位点。因此，本综述总结了 LDH 从基本机制到实际应用的记忆效应。首先，总结了LDHs/LDOs上的各种活性位点以及位点结构的重要性。其次，简要介绍了LDHs的修饰方法，总结了记忆效应的特点。然后，通过理论化学计算，讨论了记忆效应的化学反应机理、拓扑学和热力学，以及记忆效应的微观机理。还介绍了环境修复的影响因素和应用。最后，提出了基于记忆效应的LDH的挑战和前景。我们希望该审查能够为基于记忆效应的 LDH 的环境应用开辟一条新途径。通过理论化学计算，讨论了记忆效应的热力学和热力学，以及记忆效应的微观机理。还介绍了环境修复的影响因素和应用。最后，提出了基于记忆效应的LDH的挑战和前景。我们希望该审查能够为基于记忆效应的 LDH 的环境应用开辟一条新途径。通过理论化学计算，讨论了记忆效应的热力学和热力学，以及记忆效应的微观机理。还介绍了环境修复的影响因素和应用。最后，提出了基于记忆效应的LDH的挑战和前景。我们希望该审查能够为基于记忆效应的 LDH 的环境应用开辟一条新途径。

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Layered double hydroxides (LDHs), are ideal inorganic materials for versatile fields, such as catalysis, energy, and medicine. Memory effect means the ability of reconstruction into their initial structure after decomposition treatment for some special materials. Based on the unique property, the layered structure can be regenerated from the calcined LDHs (layered double oxide, LDO) in an aqueous solution or moist air. This effect provides a new paradigm for modification of LDHs, increasing the abundance of active sites in LDHs as well as preserves original active sites for multifunctional environmental applications. Therefore, this review summarizes the memory effect of LDHs from basic mechanisms to real applications. Firstly, various kinds of active sites on LDHs/LDOs and the importance of sites structure are concluded. Secondly, the modification methods of LDHs are briefly introduced and the characteristics of memory effect are summarized. Then, the mechanism of chemical reaction, topology, and thermodynamics of memory effect are discussed as well as the microscopic mechanism of memory effect through theoretical chemical calculation. The influencing factors and applications in environmental remediation are also presented. Finally, the challenges and prospects of memory effect-based LDHs are proposed. We hope the review could open a new path for the environmental application of memory effect-based LDHs.