通过IP地址和掩码计算地址范围（ipv4/ipv6) |
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工作中需要将IPv4和IPv6的地址和掩码转换为地址范围，写了下面两端python代码来自动计算。代码中没有注释，有疑问请留言。 下面是IPv4地址转换部分，输入比如”192.168.111.253/28， 返回字典['192.168.111.240', '192.168.111.255'] # coding: utf-8 class Ipv4_range: def part(self,part_ip,part_mask): part_ip = int(part_ip) part_mask = int(part_mask) delta = 255-part_mask ip_min = part_ip & part_mask ip_max = ip_min + delta return ip_min,ip_max def ips(self,ip_mask): sep = ip_mask.split('/') ip = sep[0] mask = self.msk_trans(sep[1]) part_ips = ip.split('.') part_masks = mask.split('.') ip_min = '' ip_max = '' for i in range(0,4): part_min, part_max = self.part(part_ips[i],part_masks[i]) ip_min += str(part_min) + '.' ip_max += str(part_max) + '.' ip_min = ip_min[:-1] ip_max = ip_max[:-1] return ([ip_min,ip_max]) def msk_trans(self,digit): add = 32 - int(digit) msk_str_b = '1' * int(digit) + '0' * add msk1 = msk_str_b[0:8] msk2 = msk_str_b[8:16] msk3 = msk_str_b[16:24] msk4 = msk_str_b[24:32] msk1_deci = int(msk1, 2) msk2_deci = int(msk2, 2) msk3_deci = int(msk3, 2) msk4_deci = int(msk4, 2) result = str(msk1_deci) + '.' + str(msk2_deci) + '.' + str(msk3_deci) + '.' + str(msk4_deci) return result if __name__ == '__main__': ips = Ipv4_range() a= ips.ips('192.168.111.253/28') print(a)下面是IPv6地址转换部分，IPv6比IPv4多一步，因为IPv6地址可能会简写，用两个冒号代替几组零，所以增加了一步转换，首先把“：：” 展开为“0”。 # coding: utf-8 class Ipv6_range: def ipv6_add0(self,ip): # ip = '2409:8000::4808:1741' if '::' in ip: # print(ip.split(':')) if ip[-2:] == '::': numb = len(ip.split(':')) - 2 add = ':0' * (8 - numb) else: numb = len(ip.split(':')) - 1 add = ':0' * (8 - numb) + ':' ip_add_0 = ip.replace('::', add) ip = ip_add_0 return ip def msk_trans(self,digit): add = 128 - int(digit) msk_str_b = '1' * int(digit) + '0' * add msk1 = msk_str_b[0:16] msk2 = msk_str_b[16:32] msk3 = msk_str_b[32:48] msk4 = msk_str_b[48:64] msk5 = msk_str_b[64:80] msk6 = msk_str_b[80:96] msk7 = msk_str_b[96:112] msk8 = msk_str_b[112:128] msk1_deci = int(msk1, 2) msk2_deci = int(msk2, 2) msk3_deci = int(msk3, 2) msk4_deci = int(msk4, 2) msk5_deci = int(msk5, 2) msk6_deci = int(msk6, 2) msk7_deci = int(msk7, 2) msk8_deci = int(msk8, 2) result = str(msk1_deci) + '.' + str(msk2_deci) + '.' + str(msk3_deci) + '.' + str(msk4_deci) + '.' +\ str(msk5_deci) + '.' + str(msk6_deci) + '.' + str(msk7_deci) + '.' + str(msk8_deci) return result def part(self,part_ip,part_mask): part_ip = int(part_ip,16) part_mask = int(part_mask) delta = 65535-part_mask ip_min = part_ip & part_mask ip_max = ip_min + delta s_ip_min = str(hex(ip_min)).removeprefix('0x') s_ip_max = str(hex(ip_max)).removeprefix('0x') return s_ip_min,s_ip_max def ips(self,ip_mask): sep = ip_mask.split('/') ip = sep[0] ip = self.ipv6_add0(ip) mask = self.msk_trans(sep[1]) # print(ip) # print(mask) part_ips = ip.split(':') part_masks = mask.split('.') ip_min = '' ip_max = '' for i in range(0,8): part_min, part_max = self.part(part_ips[i],part_masks[i]) ip_min += str(part_min) + ':' ip_max += str(part_max) + ':' ip_min = ip_min[:-1] ip_max = ip_max[:-1] return ([ip_min,ip_max]) if __name__ == '__main__': ip_range = Ipv6_range() ip = 'fe80:8000:480a::1741/127' a = ip_range.ips(ip) print(a)
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