【小升初英语】常考语法点及专项训练题,收藏预习! |
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问句借助于do, does否定句借助于don’t, doesn’t,后面动词一定要还原。 3. 一般过去时 表示发生在过去的事情或存在的状态,常与just now; a moment ago; … ago; yesterday; last ( week; month; year; Monday; weekend); this morning等词连用。 结构是主语+be动词的过去式(was; were)或主语+动词的过去式。注意:be动词与动词过去式不可同时使用。 如: My earphones were on the ground just now. 我的耳机刚刚还在呢。 Where were you last week? I was at a camp. 你上个星期去哪了?我去野营了。 What did you do yesterday? I visited a farm. 你昨天去干嘛了?我去参观农场了。 问句有be动词将be动词移前,没有be动词借助于did,后面动词还原;否定句有be动词在后面加not,没有借助于didn t后面动词还原。 4. 一般将来时 表示将要打算发生的事情或动作,常与tomorrow, next week(year; Tuesday…), this week( weekend ;evening; afternoon;…)today等词连用。 结构是主语+be(am, is, are) going to + 动原或主语+will +动原。 如: What are you going to do tomorrow? I am going to have a picnic. 你明天要去干嘛?我要去野餐。 The childre are going to have a sports meeting next week. 孩子们下个星期将参加运动会。 Tom will/is going to see a play with his father this evening.Tom 今晚将和父母去看演出。 问句将be动词或will移前;否定句在be动词或will后加not. 5. 情态动词 情态动词can; can’t; should; shouldn’t; must; may后一定加动词原形。 如: The girl can’t swim, but he can skate. 女孩不会游泳,但是会滑冰。 Don’t talk in class, you should listen to the teacher carefully. 不要在课上说话,你应该认真听老师讲。 6. 祈使句 肯定祈使句以动词原形开头;否定祈使句以don’t加动词原形开头。 如: Open the box for me ,please. 请为我打开盒子。 Liu Tao! Please get up earlier tomorrow. 刘涛,明天请早点起床! Don’t walk on the grass! 不要在草地上走! Helen! Don’t climb the tree,please. 海伦!不要爬树。 7. go的用法 去干嘛用go +动词ing 如: go swimming; go fishing; go skating; go camping; go running; go skiing; go rowing… 8. 比较问题 than 前用比较级;as…as之间用原级。 如: My mother is two years younger than my father. 我妈比我爸年轻两岁。 Liu Tao jumps as far as Ben. 刘涛跳得和本一样远。 9. 喜欢做某事 用like +动词ing或like+ to + 动原。 如: Su Yang likes growing flowers. 苏阳喜欢种花。 The children like to play with lanterns at Spring Festival. 孩子们喜欢在春节去玩花灯。 10. 想要做某事 用 would like +to+动原或want + to +动原。 如: I’d like to visit the History Museum.=I want to visit the History Museum 我想去参观历史博物馆。 11. some用法 some用于肯定句中,在否定句和问句中改为any,但当表示委婉语气时仍用some. 如: Can I have some writing paper? 我可以拿一些书写纸吗? Would you like some orange juice? 你想来一些橙汁吗? 12. 代词人称 代词主格做主语用一般放在句首或动词前,主格分别是 I you he she it we you they。宾格做宾语用,一般放在动词或介词后。 如:Open them for me. Let us …, join me等。 宾格分别是me you him her it us you them。 形容词性物主代词放在名词前,不能单独使用,分别是my your his her its our your their; 名词性物主代词相当于形物加名词,它只能单独使用后面不好加名词,分别是mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs。 13. 介词 介词后要么不加动词,加动词只能加动词ing形式 如:be good at running;do well in jumping; 14. 时间介词 季节前,月份前用介词in; 如:in summer;in March 具体的哪一天如星期几,几月几日用介词on; 如:on Saturday; on the second of April; on Wednesday morning 在几点钟前用介词at; 如:at a quarter to four; 只在上下午晚上用in; 如:in the morning/ afternoon/ evening;但在夜间用at night。另:季节,月份和星期前不好加the. 15. 名词复数 构成的方法规则的有: (1)直接在名词后加s 如:orange—oranges; photo—photos; (2) 以x, s, sh, ch结尾的加es 如:box—boxes; glass—glasses; waitress—waitresses; watch—watches;peach--peaches (3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加es 如:study—studies;library—libraries; hobby—hobbies; family—families; (4) 以f, fe结尾的改f, fe 为v+es 如:knife—knives; thief—thieves(注:以o结尾的我们学过的只有mango加es, mango—mangoes其余加s,) 不规则的有: man—men; woman—women; people—people; child—children 16. 动词第三人称单数的构成 (1) 直接在动词后加s 如:run—runs; dance—dances (2) 以s,sh,ch,o结尾的加es 如:do—does;go—goes;wash—washes;catch—catches (3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加es 如:study—studies; carry—carries; 17. 现在分词的构成 (1) 直接在动词后加ing 如:sing—singing; ski—skiing; (2) 双写词尾加ing 如:swim—swimming; jog—jogging;run—running; (3) 以不发音的e结尾的去e加ing 如:ride—riding; dance—dancing; make—making; 18. 动词过去式的构成 规则的有: (1) 直接在动词后加ed 如:clean—cleaned; milk—milked; play—played; (2) 以e结尾的直接加d 如:dance—danced; taste—tasted; (3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加ed 如:study—studied;carry—carried; (4) 双写词尾加ed 如:stop—stopped; jog—jogged; 不规则的有: am,is—was; are—were; do,does—did; have,has—had; go—went; meet—met; sit—sat; see—saw; get—got; tell—told; run—ran; come—came; steal—stole; read—read; 19. 形容词副词比较级的构成 规则的有: (1) 直接在形容词或副词后加er 如;small—smaller; low—lower; (2) 以e结尾的加r 如:late—larer; (3) 双写词尾加er 如:big—bigger; thin—thinner; fat—fatter; (4) 以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加er 如:heavy—heavier; early—earlier; 不规则的有: good, well—better(最高级为best); many, much— more(最高级为most); far—farther或further(最高级farthest或furthest); 20. rain与snow的用法 (1) 作为名词意思是雨水和雪是不可数名词 如:There is a lot of rain there in spring. 那儿的春天有很多雨水。 (2) 作为动词意思是下雨和下雪,有四种形式分别是: 动词原形rain;snow; 第三人称单数rains ;snows; 现在分词raining;snowing; 过去式rained;snowed; 如: ① Look! It is raining now. 瞧!天正在下雨。 ② It often rains in Nantong in summer. 南通夏天经常下雨。 ③ It rained yesterday. 昨天下了雨。 ④ It is going to rain tomorrow. 明天要下雨。 (3) 形容词为rainy 和snowy 意思是有雨的和有雪的 如: It is often rainy here in spring. 这儿的春天经常是有雨的。 If it is rainy tomorrow, I’ll stay at home. 如果明天是有雨的,我将呆在家里。 领取电子版方式 即可领取电子版打印 声明:本公众号尊重原创,素材来源于网络,好的内容值得分享,如有侵权请联系删除! 点击“阅读原文”获取更多资料!返回搜狐,查看更多 |
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