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大学英语Unit3Book3第二版

NewHorizonCollegeEnglish（Reading&Writing）（SecondEdition）

BookThree

Unit3（4periods）

WherePrinciplesComeFirst

TimeAllocation

I.Warming-upactivity+Pre-reading（1period）

II.TextanalysisandlanguagepointsofSectionA（2periods）

III.ExercisesofSectionA+SectionB（1period）

ParI:

Introduction:

BackgroundInformation

1.UnderstandingAmericaneducation

EducationintheUnitedStatesisusuallydividedintofourlevels.

EarlyChildhoodEducation（1stlevel）:

Itsmainpurposeistopreparechildrenforschool.

Primary（2ndlevel）andSecondary（3rdlevel）School:

BeginsaroundagesixforU.S.children.Theyattendfiveorsixyearsofprimaryschool.Nexttheygotosecondaryschool,whichconsistsofeithertwothree-yearprogramsorathree-yearandafour-yearprogram.Americanscallthesetwelveyearsofprimaryandsecondaryschoolthefirstthroughtwelfth"grades."MostAmericansattendtwelveyearsofprimaryandsecondaryschool.Withasecondaryschooldiplomaorcertificate,astudentcanentercollege,university,vocational（jobtraining）school,andotherprofessionalschools.

HigherEducation（4thlevel）:

Afterfinishinghighschool（twelfthgrade）,U.S.studentsmaygoontocollegeoruniversity.Collegeoruniversitystudyisknownas"highereducation."StudyatacollegeoruniversityleadingtotheBachelor'sDegreeisknownas"undergraduate"education.StudybeyondtheBachelor'sDegreeisknownas"postgraduate"education,whichleadstotheMaster’sorDoctor’sdegree.

2.TheHydeSchool

In1966,JosephW.GauldfoundedthefirstHydeSchoolinBath,Maineinresponsetoasystemofeducationwhichhebelievedwasfailingitschildrenbecauseofconflictingpriorities.TheHydeoftodayupholdsFiveWordsasthecoreprinciplesonschoolcampusesinBath,MaineandWoodstock,Connecticutandinagrowingnumberofpublicandprivateschools:

Courage,Integrity,Leadership,Curiosity,andConcern.

3.Boardingschools

Boardingschoolsareindependent,collegepreparatoryschoolsthatprovidehousingfacilitiesforstudentsandfaculty.Boardingschoolsaresometimesreferredtoas"intentionalcommunities"becausethefacultyatboardingschoolsworkveryhardtocreateanenvironmentforstudentsthatissafe,academicallychallenging,active,andfun.

Boardingschoolsarewellknownfortheiracademicexcellence.Withsmallclasssizes,diversecurricula,andindividualattentionfromteachersandadvisors,theboardingschoolexperiencegivesstudentsmanydistinctadvantages.Boardingschoolstudentsacquiretheabilitiesthathelpensuresuccessincollegeandinlife.

Interactiveactivity:

（MoreinformationonAdditionalMaterialPart）

1.Song:

ScarboroughFair

2.Audio:

ElaineChao

3.Openquestion:

Whatdoyouexpecttolearnfromcollege?

SectionA

I.NewWords:

1．publicity//[U]1.公众的注意；名声2.（商业）广告，宣传，宣扬

[构词]→publicadj.公众的，公共的，公开的；publicationn.出版（物），发行

[搭配]seek/avoidpublicity追求/避免公众注意

[例句]Thecompany'scontinueduseofsuchdangerouschemicalshasattractedalotofnegative

publicity.这个公司继续使用这样的危险化学品招来了不少批评。

Theconcertwasn'tgivenmuchadvancepublicity,somanyticketsremainedunsold.

音乐会事先没有做很多宣传，所以许多票没有卖出去。

2.cultivate//vt.1.培养，陶冶，发展2.耕种，耕作

[构词]cultivationn.耕种，耕作；cultivatiorn.耕种者，耕耘机

[搭配]cultivatethehabitof养成……的习惯cultivateatastefor培养对……的兴趣

[例句]Atthisschoolweaimtocultivatethemindsofallthechildrenweteach.在这所学校里，我们旨在陶冶学生的心灵。

Mostofthelandthereistoopoortocultivate.那里的大部分土地太贫瘠，无法耕种。

prehensive//a.综合的，全面的，广泛的

[构词]comprehendvt.理解，了解comprehensionn.理解（力）

[搭配]acomprehensivetest综合测试 acomprehensivetraining综合性的训练

[辨析]comprehensiblea.明了易懂的

[例句]Shehasacomprehensivegraspofthesubject.她对该问题有全面的理解。

Thestoreoffersacomprehensiverangeofkitchenequipment.这家商店卖的厨房用具很齐全。

4.controversial//a.有争议的，引起争议的

[构词]controversyn.争议，争论

[搭配]acontroversialTVprogram有争议的电视节目acontroversialnewlaw有争议的新法律 

[例句]HewroteaverycontroversialbookbutIthinkhe'ssinceregrettedit.他写了一本很有争议的书，但我想他随后就后悔了。

5.suspend//vt.1.暂停，中止2.悬挂3.开除

[构词]suspensen.悬念，悬而未决；suspensionn.悬，吊；暂时剥夺

[搭配]asuspendedsentence缓刑suspendsth.from…把……挂（吊）在……上

[例句]Theshippingservicehasbeensuspendedbecauseofbadweather.因为天气恶劣，船运服务

被暂停了。

Shewassuspendedfromherjobshortlyaftertheincident.事故发生后不久，她就被开除了。

6．strain//n.1.（对精力、能力的）苛求2.拉紧，绷紧v. 拉伤；尽力使用，使紧张

[例句]Therecentdeclineinthedollarhasputabiggerstrainontheeconomicsystem.最近美元

贬值给经济体系带来了更大的压力。

Ihadtostrainmyearstocatchwhattheyweresaying.我得竖起耳朵去听他们在说什么。

[辨析]strain,stress,tension

strain强调影响身心健康的紧张状态。

stress指由于生活或工作上的困难引起的心理上、生活上及情绪上的紧张。

tension一般指双方或各方关系不和而造成的紧张状态。

7.preliminary//a.预备的，初步的n.（usu.pl.）初步做法，准备工作

[搭配]apreliminarymeeting预备会议 preliminaryremarks开场白

[例句]Inpreliminarydiscussions,Americanofficialsrejectedtherequests.在初步讨论中，美国

官员拒绝了这些要求。

Therearealotofpreliminariestobegonethroughbeforeyoucanvisitcertainforeigncountries.在访问某些国家之前，你有许多准备工作要做。

8.quest//n.[C]探寻，寻求，研究

[搭配]aquestforabetterlife对更加美好的生活的追求 one’squesttofindtruelove对真爱的寻求 aspiritualquest精神追求

[例句]Nothingwillstopthemintheirquestfortruth.没有什么可以阻止他们对真理的探索。

Shedoesexercisesfourtimesaweekinherquesttoachievetheperfectfigure.为了追求完美体形，她一周锻炼四次。

9.conventional//a常规的，惯例的，传统的

[构词]conventionn.惯例习俗

[搭配]conventionalattitudes传统的态度

[辨析]convention,custom,habit,practice

[例句]They'resuchaconventionalfamily—theymusthavebeenfrightenedwhentheirsondyedhishairpink.他们是一个很传统的家庭--看到他们的儿子把头发染成粉红色肯定会感到非常吃惊。

Iquitelikehimbuthe'ssoconventional.我很喜欢他，只是他非常守旧。

10.session//n.1.[C]（从事某项活动的）一段时间2.[C]学年；学期；上课时间3.会议 

[搭配]insession开会outofsession休会emergencysessionofparliament国会紧急会议 

[辨析]session,assembly,conference,convention

[例句]The21-year-oldrunnertwistedhisankleinatrainingsessionlastFriday.上星期五，这个21岁的跑步运动员在训练时把脚踝给扭了。

Somecrowdedschoolshavedoublesessions.有些学生多的学校分两批上课。

11.utmost//n.[U]极限，最大限度;a.最大的，极度的

[搭配] do/tryone'sutmost:

do/tryone’sbest 

[例句]Hewilltryhisutmosttohelpthembymeansofhisconventionalmedicalknowledge.他会尽力用他所知道的传统医疗知识来帮助他们。

12.worthwhile//a.值得（做）的

[搭配]Itisworthwhiletodosth./doingsth.做某事很值得

[例句]Workingforsolittlemoneyjustisn'tworthwhile.为这么点钱工作不值得。

13.insult//vt.侮辱，辱骂n.[C]侮辱，辱骂

[辨析]insult,shame,humiliate

[例句]Firsthedrankallmywineandthenheinsultedallmyfriends.他先喝光了我的酒，然后又

辱骂了我所有的朋友。

Shemadetheusualinsultsaboutmyappearance.她又像平常那样侮辱我的外表。

Phrases

1.seesb./sth.asconsidersb.orsth.tobe认为某人或某物是……

[搭配]seethrough看穿，识破see（toit）that一定注意到，务必使seesb.off给某人送行

[例句]HerclassmatesseeherasafuturePresident.她的同学们把她看作是未来的总统。

2.preparesb.forsth.makesb.readyforsth.使做好准备

[例句]Thedoctorpreparedmymotherforheroperation.医生使我母亲做好接受手术的准备。

3.bescheduledtodobearrangedtodo被安排，定于

[搭配]drawup/makeup/planaschedule制定时间表

[例句]Sheisscheduledtogiveaspeechtonight.她定于今晚作演讲。

Thetrainisscheduledtoarriveat8:

45,butit'srunningtwentyminuteslate.这列火车预定于8:

45到达，但是它晚点了20分钟。

4.overprotest:

despiteopposition在有异议的情况下

[例句]Shepaidthefineoverprotest.她极不情愿地交付了罚款。

Anuclearplantwasbuiltintheareaoverthefarmers'protests.一座核电厂不顾农民的抗议在这个地区建了起来。

pletewithfullysuppliedwith包括，备有

[例句]Thereisagoodhotelnotfarfromthecity,completewithswimmingpoolandgardenleadingdirectlytothebeach.离城市不远有个很好的旅馆，带有游泳池和通向海滩的花园。

6.doone'sutmost竭尽全力

[例句]Eachareafeltitmustdoitsutmosttomakeitspartofthecelebrationasuccess.每一个地区都感到要竭尽全力使该庆祝活动在当地办得成功。

7.kindofslightly;tosomeextent有点，有几分

[例句]I'mnotsurewhy,butIfeelkindofsorryforhim.我不知道为什么，但我有点替他惋惜。

I’mkindofworriedabouttheinterview.我对面试有点担心。

II.TextStructureAnalysis

Part1（Para1-2）→theprinciplesoftheHydeSchool

Part2（Para3-11）→TheeffortstomaketheCharacterFirstideaacceptedbyotherschools.

Part3（Para.12-16）→Hyde’sapproachestoeducation

Part4（para.17-20）→Beneficialresultsfortheteachersaswellasthestudents

III.  WritingSkills

Thisessaylookslikeareport,whichtriestoexplainsomeideas,reportsomeeventsandprovesomeconclusions.Oneofthewritingtechniquesusedbytheauthorisageneralstatementbeingsupportedbyexamples.Let’sTakePara5-11asanexample.

Ageneralstatement:

ThequestfortruthisalsowidespreadattheschoolinConnecticut.

↓

Oneexample:

Inwhatclass:

InoneEnglishclass

Howmanystudents:

11students

Howmuchtime:

5minutes

Whattodo:

Anenergeticexchangeevaluatingtheirclassperformanceforthedayona1-10scale.

SectionB

ⅠBackgroundInformation

NewYorkStockExchange（纽约股票交易所）

TheoldestandlargeststockexchangeintheU.S.,locatedonWallStreetinNewYorkCity.TheNYSEisresponsibleforsettingpolicy,supervisingmemberactivities,listingsecurities（上市股票）,overseeingthetransferofmemberseats,andevaluatingapplicants.Ittracesitsoriginsbackto1792,whenagroupofbrokers（经纪人）metunderatreeatthetipofManhattanandsignedanagreementtotradesecurities.Unlikesomeofthenewerexchanges,theNYSEstillusesalargetradingfloor（Seethepicture.）inordertoconductitstransactions（交易）.Itisherethattherepresentativesofbuyersandsellers,professionalsknownasbrokers,meetandshoutoutpricesatoneanotherinordertostrikeadeal（达成交易）.Thisiscalledtheopenoutcrysystemanditusuallyproducesfairmarketpricing.

II.VocabularyDevelopment

1.Words:

1.thereby//ad.becauseofthis;asaresultofthisaction因此，从而

[例句]Imissedthelastflight,andtherebydecidedtostaythenightattheairport.我误了上一趟航班，所以决定在机场过夜。

Theyp