当前，许多生物方法被用于处理废水，例如好氧，厌氧，顺序分批反应器，生物滤池。然而，这些技术受到营养去除效率低，能量高和面积要求大的限制。因此，间歇循环扩展曝气系统（ICEAS）或连续流测序间歇反应器（SBR）可以作为替代解决方案。因此，了解该技术的各个方面（例如反应机理，氮转化循环和操作条件）非常必要。本文综述了影响ICEAS操作条件以处理多种废水的机理和关键因素。ICEAS在一个罐中结合了好氧，缺氧和厌氧等许多生物过程。与传统的活性污泥相比，ICEAS具有一些优势，例如更少的空间需求，较低的投资成本，较低的通风以节省运营成本以及自动运行。ICEAS显示出高效去除有机化合物（去除COD的90-97％）和养分（去除TN的97-99％），从而限制了亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐的积累。连续流入ICEAS的进料可减少有机负荷冲击，有利于微生物群落的生长。希望本文将有助于促进ICEAS技术在全球废水处理中的进一步应用。限制了亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐的积累。连续流入ICEAS的进料可减少有机物负荷冲击，有利于微生物群落的生长。希望本文将有助于促进ICEAS技术在全球废水处理中的进一步应用。限制了亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐的积累。连续流入ICEAS的进料可减少有机物负荷冲击，有利于微生物群落的生长。希望本文将有助于促进ICEAS技术在全球废水处理中的进一步应用。

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Many biological methods are currently used to treat wastewaters, such as e.g. aerobic, anaerobic, sequencing batch reactors, biofilters. However, these technologies are limited by low nutrient removal efficiency, high energy and large area requirements. Hereby, the intermittent cycle extended aeration system (ICEAS), or continuous flow sequencing batch reactor (SBR) can be an alternative solution. Therefore, understanding all aspects of this technology – such as reaction mechanisms, nitrogen conversion cycle, and operation conditions – are very necessary. This paper reviews the mechanism and key factors affecting the ICEAS operation conditions to treat many wastewaters. An ICEAS combines many biological processes as aerobic, anoxic, and anaerobic in one tank. ICEAS has some advantages compared with traditional activated sludge such as less space demand, low investment costs, low aeration to save operating costs, and automatic operation. An ICEAS shows its high efficiencies in removing organic compounds (90–97 % of COD removal) and nutrients (97–99 % of TN removal), limiting the accumulation of nitrite and nitrate. The continuous inflow feeding into ICEAS reduces organic loading shock and is beneficial to the growth of microorganisms community. Hope this paper will help to promote further application of ICEAS technology for wastewater treatment around the world.