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(共17张PPT)比较级和最高级的使用形容词或副词的比较级，最高级是指表示的质、量关系的增加。在英语中，将比较两个主体的方法，叫做“比较句型”。其中，像“A比B更...的表达方式称为比较级，而“A最……”的表达方式则称为最高级。组成句子的方式是将形容词或副词变化成比较级或最高级的形态。一、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则类别 比较级 最高级一般情况 +er tall-taller, long-longer +est tall-tallest, long-longest以e结尾的单词 +r late-later, large-larger +st late-latest, large-largest以重读闭音节结尾的单词 双写最后一个字母+er big-bigger, fat-fatter 双写最后一个字母+estbig-biggest, fat-fattest以辅音字母+y结尾的单词 把y变成i,+er busy-busier, early-earlier 把y变成i,+estbusy-busiest, early-earliest大部分的多音节单词 在前面加more beautiful-mor beautiful 在前面加mostcareful-mor careful不规则变化的单词 good-better many/much-more good-bestmany/much-most二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法1．“A + be +形容词比较级 + than + B” 意思为“A比B更……”如：This tree is taller than that one. 这棵树比那棵树高。注意：① 在含有连词than的比较级中，前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴，即同类事物之间的比较。②在比较级前面使用much，表示程度程度“强得多”如：A watermelon is much bigger than an apple.③ very, quite一般只能修饰原级，不能修饰比较级。二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法2．“比较级 + and + 比较级”或“more and more +原级”表示“越来越……”如：It becomes warmer and warmer when spring comes.春天来了，天气变得越来越暖和了。It is getting cooler and cooler. 天气越来越凉爽。The wind became more and more heavily.风变得越来越大。Our school is becoming more and more beautiful.我们的学校变得越来越美丽。二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法3．在含有or的选择疑问句中，如果有两者供选择，前面的形容词要用比较级形式。如：Who is taller,Tim or Tom 谁更高，Tim还是Tom 4. “the +比较级……, the+比较级”，表示“越……越……”。The more money you make, the more you spend.钱你赚得越多，花得越多。The sooner，the better.越快越好。二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法5. 表示倍数的比较级用法：①. A is …times the size /height/length/width of B.如：The new building is three times the height of the old one. 这座新楼比那座旧楼高三倍。(新楼是旧楼的四倍高)②. A is …times as big /high/long/wide/large as B.如：Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。(亚洲比欧洲大三倍)③. A is …times larger /higher/longer/wider than B.如：Our school is twice bigger than yours. 我们学校比你们学校大两倍。二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法6.形容词、副词的最高级形式主要用来表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比较，表示“最……”的意思。句子中有表示范围的词或短语。如：of the three, in our class等等。如：He is the tallest in our class.他在我们班里是最高的。7."否定词语+比较级"，"否定词语+ so… as"结构表示最高级含义。Nothing is so easy as this.=Nothing is easier than this.=This is the easiest thing二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法8. 比较级与最高级的转换：如：Mike is the most intelligent in his class.Mike is more intelligent than any other student in his class9. 要避免重复使用比较级。(错) He is more cleverer than his brother.(对) He is more clever than his brother(对) He is cleverer than his brother二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法10. 修饰比较级和最高级的词1）可修饰比较级的词注意： 使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。(错) Tom is the tallest of his three brothers.①.a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等②. 还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。③. 以上词(除by far)外，必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。(对) Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法10. 修饰比较级和最高级的词2)下列词可修饰最高级：by far, far, much, mostly, almost。a. very可修饰最高级，但位置与much不同。　　This is the very best.　　This is much the best.b. 序数词通常只修饰最高级。This hat is nearly / almost the biggest.注意:Africa is the second largest continent.二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法11. 要避免将主语含在比较对象中。(错) China is larger that any country in Asia.The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.(对) China is larger than any other country in Asia.12.要注意对应句型，遵循前后一致的原则。13.要注意冠词的使用，后有名词的时候，前面才有可能有名词。比较：Which is larger, Canada or Australia 　　Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia 　　She is taller than her two sisters.　　She is the taller of the two sisters.三、典型例题1） ---- Are you feeling ____ 　　---- Yes，I'm fine now.　　A. any well B. any better C. quite good D. quite better答案：B. any 可修饰比较级，quite修饰原级，well的比较级为better.2）The experiment was____ easier than we had expected.　　A. more B. much more C. much D. more much答案：C. much可修饰比较级，因此B，C都说得通，但easier本身已是比较级，不需more，因此C为正确答案。3）If there were no examinations, we should have ___ at school.A. the happiest time B. a more happier time　　C. much happiest time D. a much happier time答案：D。比较级和最高级的用法的补充1. 两者相比（甲=乙），用“as+原级+as”表示Tom is as tall as Mike.3. 两者相比（甲>乙），用“比较级+than”表示Our city is more beautiful than any other city in our country.2. 两者相比（甲I didn’t do my homework so(as) carefully as you.练习一、用适当的形式填空：1. Bob is _________ (young) than Fred but ___________ (tall) than Fred. 2. Ying Tian is not as ___________ (tall) as Yong Xian. 3.Which is _________ (heavy),a hen or a chicken 4. Annie says Sally is the ________ (kind) person in the world. 5. He is one of the_________(friendly) people in the class, I think.6. A dictionary is much _________ (expensive) than a story-book. 7. An orange is a little ______ (big) than an apple, but much ________ (small) than a watermelon.8. The Changjiang River is the _______ (long) river in China.9. Sue is a little ________ (beautiful) than her sister.10. My room is not as _________ (big) as my brother' s. 11. Her father is getting______(fat) and ____(fat)12. The_____(more),the_____(good)13. Saturday is my ____(busy) day in a week.14. I think it's too expensive, I'd like a _______(cheap) one.练习二、写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级1. old ______ ________ 2. busy _________ __________3. thin ________ ________ 4. many _________ __________5. slow ________ _______ 6. delicious _________ _________三、选择题1. She is ________ than ________ .A. busier / us B. busier / we C. more busy / us D. more busy / we2. Jane is ________ than Betty.A. less taller B. less tallest C. less tall D. not as tall3. China is ________ country in the world.A. the third largest B. the largest third C. the third large D. a third largest4. -Which is ____ season in Beijing 　　-I think it's autumn.　　A.good B.better C.best D.the best5．- Which is__________ , the sun, the moon or the earth 　　-- Of course, the moon is.　　A.small B.smaller C.smallest D.the smallest练习三、选择题6.The air in Beijing is getting much _____ now than a few years ago.A. clean B. cleaner C. cleanest D. the cleanest7. Mobile phones are very popular now and they are _____ than before.　　A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. the cheapest8．I study English as_______as my brother.A.hard B. harder C. hardest9. Which is _____ , a bicycle or a computer A. expensive B.more expensive C.the most expensive10. The Yellow River is one of ______rivers in China.A long B longer C the longest11.She is the second _______student in our class.A. tall B. taller C. tallest

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