DHCP分配IP地址适用于中大型企业网络当中，不仅可以减轻网络管理员的负担，还可以进行保留IP地址分配等。在DHCP分配IP地址的过程中，首先客户机通过68号端口广播request数据包，当相应request包的DHCP服务器通过68号端口单播数据包进行响应连接请求。

现在模拟交换机和路由器作为DHCP服务器进行客户机的动态IP地址分配：

1、首先所有客户机打开DHCP功能

2、在交换机和路由器上面进行DHCP服务器的配置

相关设备命令：  

DHCP_SW1sys[Huawei]sysname DHCP_SW1[DHCP_SW1]un in en[DHCP_SW1]vlan batch 1 2[DHCP_SW1]int g0/0/1[DHCP_SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type access[DHCP_SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan 1[DHCP_SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2[DHCP_SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type access[DHCP_SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port default vlan 2[DHCP_SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit[DHCP_SW1]int vlan 2[DHCP_SW1-Vlanif2]ip add 192.168.2.254 24[DHCP_SW1-Vlanif2]int vlan 1[DHCP_SW1-Vlanif1]ip add 192.168.1.254 24[DHCP_SW1]dhcp enable[DHCP_SW1]ip pool vlan_2[DHCP_SW1-ip-pool-vlan_2]network 192.168.2.0 mask 24[DHCP_SW1-ip-pool-vlan_2]gateway-list 192.168.2.254[DHCP_SW1]int vlan 2[DHCP_SW1-Vlanif2]dhcp select global[DHCP_SW1-Vlanif2]quit[DHCP_SW1]

DHCP_R1:sys[Huawei]sysname DHCP_R1[DHCP_R1]un in en[DHCP_R1]int g0/0/0[DHCP_R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.1 24[DHCP_R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1[DHCP_R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.3.254 24[DHCP_R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit[DHCP_R1]dhcp enable[DHCP_R1]ip pool vlan_3[DHCP_R1-ip-pool-vlan_3]network 192.168.3.0 mask 24[DHCP_R1-ip-pool-vlan_3]gateway-list 192.168.3.254[DHCP_R1-ip-pool-vlan_3]quit[DHCP_R1]int g0/0/1[DHCP_R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]dhcp select global[DHCP_R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit[DHCP_R1]int g0/0/2[DHCP_R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 192.168.4.254 24[DHCP_R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit[DHCP_R1]ip pool pool4Info: It's successful to create an IP address pool.[DHCP_R1-ip-pool-pool4]netw    [DHCP_R1-ip-pool-pool4]network 192.168.4.0 mask 24[DHCP_R1-ip-pool-pool4]gateway-list 192.168.4.254[DHCP_R1-ip-pool-pool4]quit[DHCP_R1]int g0/0/2[DHCP_R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]dhcp select global[DHCP_R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit[DHCP_R1]

当所有的设备命令配置完成后进行测试： 测试结果如下图所示：

三台客户机均通过DHCP服务器动态获取到IP地址。则证明该实验配置成功！