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新牛津高一下第三册unit 1Nature in the balance基础词汇练习1.harm n.伤害，损害；vt. 伤害；损害。[常见搭配]do sb./sth. harm 对某人/某物有害do harm to ... 对……有害harm one’s reputation/image损害某人的声誉/开解[拓展]harmful adj.有害的harmless adj.无害的harmlessly adv.无害地；无恶意地[完成句子](1)害人之心不可有，防人之心不可无。One should never intend to ________ ________ ________ others, but should always guard against the harm others might do to him.(2)在强光下读书会对你的眼睛造成伤害。Reading in the strong light ________ ________ ________ your eyes答案：(1)do harm to (2)do harm to/be harmful to2.variety n.不同种类；变化，多样化；变种，变体。[常见搭配]a variety of 各种各样的varieties of 各种各样的[拓展]vary vt,变化；改变various adj.各种各样的；各种不同的variously adv.各种各样地[翻译句子](1)图书馆里有各种各样的书供我们选择，像历史书、科学书等。_______________________________________________________答案：(1)There are a variety of books for us to choose from, like history books, science books and so on in the library.3.living adj.活着的；活的；在使用的 n.生计，谋生；[常见搭配]earn/make a living谋生earn one’s living谋生4.survive vt.生存；存活 vt.幸存；幸免于难[常见搭配]survive on...依靠……生存survive from从……中存活下来[拓展]survivor n.幸存者；生还者survival n.幸存；生存[翻译句子]很少有人没有水能活过一周。__________________________________________________________答案：Few can survive more than a week without water.5.in turn 依次；轮流；相应地[turn常见搭配]take turns to do sth.轮流做某事by turns 轮流；交替in one’s turn 轮到某人[完成句子](1)增加生产转而会增加利润。Increased production will ________ ________ lead to increased profit.答案：(1)in turn6.break down 使分解；使变化；（机器等）出故障；（谈判等）失败；破坏，消除[break常见搭配]break in 插嘴，打断；破门而入break into 强行闯入break off 折断；断开break through 取得突破break out（战争、火灾等）爆发break up 粉碎；结束；分手[完成句子](1)听到这个消息，他情不自禁地哭了。He ________ ________ when he heard the news.(2)我们把这个项目分成几个小项逐一进行。Let’s ________ ________ the project ________ smaller parts in order to deal with them ________ ________ ________.答案：(1)broke down (2)break down; into; one by one7.due to 因为，由于[常见搭配](be) due to sb.应支付/给予/归于某人be due to do sth.预定做某事[完成句子](1)我的航班预计将于下午5点起飞。My flight ________ ________ ________ take off at 5 p.m.答案：(1)is due to8.in danger of 有……的危险，处于……危险中[danger常见搭配]in danger 处于危险中out of danger 脱离危险be a danger to...对……是一种危害[danger拓展]dangerous adj.危险的[完成句子]有多少产业工人可能失业？(1)How many factory workers are ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ 答案：(1)in danger of losing their jobs9.damage vt.损害，毁坏，破坏 n.损坏，破坏；损害，伤害。[常见搭配]do/cause damage to 给……造成伤害[完成句子]对这栋建筑物的损坏相当严重。________ ________ ________ ________ was considerable.答案：Damage to the buildinge up 走近；发生；开始；上升；发芽；被提出[come常见搭配]come up to 达到（标准等）；比得上come about 发生come across 偶遇come to 达到；苏醒；共计come over 走过来；顺便来访come out 出现；出版；开花[完成句子](1)那道题真的在试卷上出现了。That question did ________ ________ on the test.答案：(1)come up11.application n.应用，运用；申请[常见搭配]job application 求职申请an application form 申请表[拓展]apply v.申请applicant n.申请人[语法填空](1)Press the enter key and the ________ (apply) form will be displayed on the screen.答案：(1)application12.spring to mind 突然记起（或想到）[mind常见搭配]come to mind 突然记起（或想到）bear/keep...in mind 记住[完成句子](1)出门时我突然想起了一件事。One thing ________ ________ ________ ________ when I went out.(2)谈到这个人的时候自然会想起“善良”“诚实”这样的字眼。Kindness and honesty are words that ________ ________ ________ when talking of the man.答案：(1)sprang to my mind (2)spring to mind13.senior adj.级别高的；年老的[常见搭配]be senior to sb.比某人职位/级别高be senior to sb. by... 比某人大……岁[完成句子](1)My brother ________ ________ ________ ________ by two years.家兄比我年长两岁。答案：(1)is senior to me14.get rid of 摆脱，丢弃，扔掉[完成句子](1)我摒弃了我多余的东西，因此我可以专注于生活中重要的东西。I ________ ________ ________ unnecessary things ________ I could ________ ________ what was important in my life.(2)他希望祛除膝盖处的疼痛。He hoped to ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ in what was left of his knee.答案：(1)got rid of; focus on (2)get rid of the pain15.tend to 往往会，易于；照料；护理[拓展]tendency n.倾向；趋势[完成句子]女人往往比男人长寿。(1)Women ________ ________ live longer than men.答案：(1)tend to16.eager to do sth. 渴望做某事[拓展](be) eager for sth.渴望得到某物be longing/thirty/dying to do sth.渴望做某事be longing/thirty/dying for sth.渴望得到某物eagerness n.渴望[完成句子]罗伯特渴望谈论军旅生活。(1)Robert was ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ in the Army.答案：(1)eager to talk about life17.in defence of 为了保卫……[拓展]defend vt.防御；保卫defend..from/against...保护……免受……defend sb.为某人辩护defend oneself 自卫defender n.防御者[完成句子](1)现在越来越多的妇女学会站出来捍卫她们的合法权利。More and more women today have learned to arise ________ ________ ________ their legal rights.答案：(1)in defence of18.search for 搜寻；搜查[search常见搭配]in search of 寻找；寻求[完成句子]她为追逐名利去了好莱坞。(1)She went to Hollywood ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.答案：(1)in search of fame and fortune

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