To solve the anisotropic problem of laser additive manufacturing components, the propagation characteristics of ultrasonic wave in the anisotropic material have been researched and the total focusing method using an ultrasonic array has been optimized based on group velocity of anisotropic material. Then, the CIVA software was used to carry out a simulation study on total focusing imaging of samples with horizontal through holes and flat-bottom holes. Next, a simulated investigation of complete focusing imaging of samples with horizontal through holes and flat-bottomed holes was conducted using the CIVA program. The simulation results show that the anisotropy of material has a significant impact on the imaging quality, defect location accuracy and defect distribution range of total focusing imaging using an ultrasonic array. The inspection experiments using the conventional and optimized total focusing imaging method were carried out. The findings demonstrate that the flat-bottomed holes with a diameter of 0.8 mm in the titanium alloy specimen produced by laser additive manufacturing can be detected with accuracy, and that the array performance indicator (API) value is decreased to 0.43 and the defect positioning error is decreased to 0.54 mm. Both the detection capability and defect location accuracy are improved significantly.