ATP 结合盒 (ABC) 转运蛋白家族是植物中最大的蛋白质家族之一，在应对生物和非生物胁迫方面发挥着重要作用。小麦是全球重要的粮食作物，面临着多方面的安全挑战，主要来自条锈病和白粉病等真菌病害。在本研究中，我们鉴定了小麦ABC家族的全基因组，并鉴定了463个非冗余ABC基因。根据系统发育树分析， ABC家族可分为9个进化分支和8个亚科。本文深入研究了TaABC家族的基因结构、启动子区域和基因表达的特征。片段重复是TaABC基因扩增的主要原因。 Ka/Ks 分析表明大多数TaABC基因都经过深度纯化和选择。TaABC与其他物种的共线性分析表明ABC基因在进化中是保守的。感染白粉病或条锈病的小麦的 RNA-seq 数据和 qPCR 数据表明，大多数TaABC基因都被诱导表达改变。候选基因TaABCB15-3B和TaABCG38在抗性/感病小麦中表现出对白粉病的响应，而对条锈病没有响应。我们的研究结果为深入了解TaABCs的功能和进化提供了有价值的参考，有助于鉴定小麦TaABCs中的持久抗病基因。

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The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter family is one of the largest protein families in plants and plays an essential role in addressing biotic and abiotic stresses. Wheat, a vital global grain crop, faces multifaceted safety challenges, primarily from fungal diseases like stripe rust and powdery mildew. In the present study, we identified the whole genome of the wheat ABC family, and 463 nonredundant ABC genes were identified. The ABC family can be divided into nine evolutionary branches and eight subfamilies based on phylogenetic tree analysis. This paper delved deeper into characterizing the gene structure, promoter region, and gene expression within the TaABC family. Segmental duplication was the main reason for the expansion of the TaABC genes. Ka/Ks analysis suggested that most TaABC genes were intensely purified and selected. The collinear analysis of TaABC and other species showed that the ABC genes were conserved in evolution. RNA-seq data and qPCR data from wheat infected with powdery mildew or stripe rust showed that most TaABC genes were induced to change expression. The candidate genes TaABCB15-3B and TaABCG38 exhibited responsiveness to powdery mildew in resistant/susceptible wheat, while remaining unresponsive to stripe rust. Our findings serve as a valuable reference for gaining a deeper understanding of the function and evolution of TaABCs, aiding in the identification of enduring disease resistance genes within the TaABCs of wheat.