IPv6 Next Head协议号取值范围及含义

更全的版本见http://www.iana.org/assignments/protocol-numbers/protocol-numbers.txt

在IPv4中，该字段IPv4包头中的protocol指定上层协议号，而IPv6中则由IPv6基本包头中的next head字段指定，该字段值固定8bit，因此取值范围为0-255，各取值代表不同的上层协议，就像二层Ethertype指定上层承载的协议一样。 比如我们比较常用的： 1为ICMP，2为IGMP，6为TCP协议，17为UDP协议,88为EIGRP，89为OSPF协议等，而4为IPv4协议号，41为IPv6协议号，47为GRE头。 而针对IPv6中，我们的各种扩展头也由此部分定义，比如IPv6中比较常用的几个扩展头为： 0为IPv6 hop-by-hop逐跳选项扩展头，43为IPv6路由扩展头，44为IPv6分片扩展头，50为ESP加密头，51为AH认证头，58为ICMPv6,59为no next head无下一个头部，60为IPv6目的选择扩展头。 以下列表为各字段的定义： Protocol Numbers    Last Updated            2011-03-10    This registry is also available in XML and plain text formats.    Registry included below      * Assigned Internet Protocol Numbers Assigned Internet Protocol Numbers    Registration Procedures IESG Approval or Standards Action    Reference            [RFC5237]    Note In the Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) [RFC791] there is a field called "Protocol" to identify the next level protocol.  This is an 8 bit field.  In Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) [RFC1883], this field is called the "Next Header" field.    Decimal     Keyword                   Protocol                                                    Reference       0    HOPOPT          IPv6 Hop-by-Hop Option                [RFC1883]       1    ICMP            Internet Control Message              [RFC792]       2    IGMP            Internet Group Management             [RFC1112]       3    GGP             Gateway-to-Gateway                    [RFC823]       4    IPv4            IPv4 encapsulation                    [RFC2003]       5    ST              Stream                                [RFC1190][RFC1819]       6    TCP             Transmission Control                  [RFC793]       7    CBT             CBT                                   [Tony_Ballardie]       8    EGP             Exterior Gateway Protocol             [RFC888][David_Mills]       9    IGP             any private interior gateway (used by [Internet_Assigned_Numbers_Authority]                            Cisco for their IGRP)      10    BBN-RCC-MON     BBN RCC Monitoring                    [Steve_Chipman]      11    NVP-II          Network Voice Protocol                [RFC741][Steve_Casner]                                                                  [Boggs, D., J. Shoch, E. Taft, and R. Metcalfe, "PUP: An Internetwork      12    PUP             PUP                                   Architecture", XEROX Palo Alto Research Center, CSL-79-10, July 1979; also in IEEE                                                                  Transactions on Communication, Volume COM-28, Number 4, April 1980.][[XEROX]]      13    ARGUS           ARGUS                                 [Robert_W_Scheifler]      14    EMCON           EMCON                                 []      15    XNET            Cross Net Debugger                    [Haverty, J., "XNET Formats for Internet Protocol Version 4", IEN 158, October                                                                  1980.][Jack_Haverty]      16    CHAOS           Chaos                                 [J_Noel_Chiappa]      17    UDP             User Datagram                         [RFC768][Jon_Postel]      18    MUX             Multiplexing                          [Cohen, D. and J. Postel, "Multiplexing Protocol", IEN 90, USC/Information                                                                  Sciences Institute, May 1979.][Jon_Postel]      19    DCN-MEAS        DCN Measurement Subsystems            [David_Mills]      20    HMP             Host Monitoring                       [RFC869][Robert_Hinden]      21    PRM             Packet Radio Measurement              [Zaw_Sing_Su]                                                                  ["The Ethernet, A Local Area Network: Data Link Layer and Physical Layer                                                                  Specification", AA-K759B-TK, Digital Equipment Corporation, Maynard, MA. Also as:                                                                  "The Ethernet - A Local Area Network", Version 1.0, Digital Equipment Corporation,      22    XNS-IDP         XEROX NS IDP                          Intel Corporation, Xerox Corporation, September 1980. And: "The Ethernet, A Local                                                                  Area Network: Data Link Layer and Physical Layer Specifications", Digital, Intel                                                                  and Xerox, November 1982. And: XEROX, "The Ethernet, A Local Area Network: Data                                                                  Link Layer and Physical Layer Specification", X3T51/80-50, Xerox Corporation,                                                                  Stamford, CT., October 1980.][[XEROX]]      23    TRUNK-1         Trunk-1                               [Barry_Boehm]      24    TRUNK-2         Trunk-2                               [Barry_Boehm]      25    LEAF-1          Leaf-1                                [Barry_Boehm]      26    LEAF-2          Leaf-2                                [Barry_Boehm]      27    RDP             Reliable Data Protocol                [RFC908][Robert_Hinden]      28    IRTP            Internet Reliable Transaction         [RFC938][Trudy_Miller]      29    ISO-TP4         ISO Transport Protocol Class 4        [RFC905][]      30    NETBLT          Bulk Data Transfer Protocol           [RFC969][David_Clark]                                                                  [Shuttleworth, B., "A Documentary of MFENet, a National Computer Network",      31    MFE-NSP         MFE Network Services Protocol         UCRL-52317, Lawrence Livermore Labs, Livermore, California, June                                                                  1977.][Barry_Howard]      32    MERIT-INP       MERIT Internodal Protocol             [Hans_Werner_Braun]      33    DCCP            Datagram Congestion Control Protocol  [RFC4340]      34    3PC             Third Party Connect Protocol          [Stuart_A_Friedberg]      35    IDPR            Inter-Domain Policy Routing Protocol  [Martha_Steenstrup]      36    XTP             XTP                                   [Greg_Chesson]      37    DDP             Datagram Delivery Protocol            [Wesley_Craig]      38    IDPR-CMTP       IDPR Control Message Transport Proto  [Martha_Steenstrup]      39    TP++            TP++ Transport Protocol               [Dirk_Fromhein]      40    IL              IL Transport Protocol                 [Dave_Presotto]      41    IPv6            IPv6 encapsulation                    [RFC2473]      42    SDRP            Source Demand Routing Protocol        [Deborah_Estrin]      43    IPv6-Route      Routing Header for IPv6               [Steve_Deering]      44    IPv6-Frag       Fragment Header for IPv6              [Steve_Deering]      45    IDRP            Inter-Domain Routing Protocol         [Sue_Hares]      46    RSVP            Reservation Protocol                  [Bob_Braden]      47    GRE             General Routing Encapsulation         [Tony_Li]      48    DSR             Dynamic Source Routing Protocol       [RFC4728]      49    BNA             BNA                                   [Gary Salamon]      50    ESP             Encap Security Payload                [RFC4303]      51    AH              Authentication Header                 [RFC4302]      52    I-NLSP          Integrated Net Layer Security TUBA    [K_Robert_Glenn]      53    SWIPE           IP with Encryption                    [John_Ioannidis]      54    NARP            NBMA Address Resolution Protocol      [RFC1735]      55    MOBILE          IP Mobility                           [Charlie_Perkins]      56    TLSP            Transport Layer Security Protocol     [Christer_Oberg]                            using Kryptonet key management      57    SKIP            SKIP                                  [Tom_Markson]      58    IPv6-ICMP       ICMP for IPv6                         [RFC1883]      59    IPv6-NoNxt      No Next Header for IPv6               [RFC1883]      60    IPv6-Opts       Destination Options for IPv6          [RFC1883]      61                    any host internal protocol            [Internet_Assigned_Numbers_Authority]      62    CFTP            CFTP                                  [Forsdick, H., "CFTP", Network Message, Bolt Beranek and Newman, January                                                                  1982.][Harry_Forsdick]      63                    any local network                     [Internet_Assigned_Numbers_Authority]      64    SAT-EXPAK       SATNET and Backroom EXPAK             [Steven_Blumenthal]      65    KRYPTOLAN       Kryptolan                             [Paul Liu]      66    RVD             MIT Remote Virtual Disk Protocol      [Michael_Greenwald]      67    IPPC            Internet Pluribus Packet Core         [Steven_Blumenthal]      68                    any distributed file system           [Internet_Assigned_Numbers_Authority]      69    SAT-MON         SATNET Monitoring                     [Steven_Blumenthal]      70    VISA            VISA Protocol                         [Gene_Tsudik]      71    IPCV            Internet Packet Core Utility          [Steven_Blumenthal]      72    CPNX            Computer Protocol Network Executive   [David Mittnacht]      73    CPHB            Computer Protocol Heart Beat          [David Mittnacht]      74    WSN             Wang Span Network                     [Victor Dafoulas]      75    PVP             Packet Video Protocol                 [Steve_Casner]      76    BR-SAT-MON      Backroom SATNET Monitoring            [Steven_Blumenthal]      77    SUN-ND          SUN ND PROTOCOL-Temporary             [William_Melohn]      78    WB-MON          WIDEBAND Monitoring                   [Steven_Blumenthal]      79    WB-EXPAK        WIDEBAND EXPAK                        [Steven_Blumenthal]      80    ISO-IP          ISO Internet Protocol                 [Marshall_T_Rose]      81    VMTP            VMTP                                  [Dave_Cheriton]      82    SECURE-VMTP     SECURE-VMTP                           [Dave_Cheriton]      83    VINES           VINES                                 [Brian Horn]      84    TTP             TTP                                   [Jim_Stevens]      84    IPTM            Protocol Internet Protocol Traffic    [Jim_Stevens]                            Manager      85    NSFNET-IGP      NSFNET-IGP                            [Hans_Werner_Braun]      86    DGP             Dissimilar Gateway Protocol           [M/A-COM Government Systems, "Dissimilar Gateway Protocol Specification, Draft                                                                  Version", Contract no. CS901145, November 16, 1987.][Mike_Little]      87    TCF             TCF                                   [Guillermo_A_Loyola]      88    EIGRP           EIGRP                                 [Cisco Systems, "Gateway Server Reference Manual", Manual Revision B, January 10,                                                                  1988.][Guenther_Schreiner]      89    OSPFIGP         OSPFIGP                               [RFC1583][John_Moy]                                                                  [Welch, B., "The Sprite Remote Procedure Call System", Technical Report,      90    Sprite-RPC      Sprite RPC Protocol                   UCB/Computer Science Dept., 86/302, University of California at Berkeley, June                                                                  1986.][Bruce Willins]      91    LARP            Locus Address Resolution Protocol     [Brian Horn]      92    MTP             Multicast Transport Protocol          [Susie_Armstrong]      93    AX.25           AX.25 Frames                          [Brian_Kantor]      94    IPIP            IP-within-IP Encapsulation Protocol   [John_Ioannidis]      95    MICP            Mobile Internetworking Control Pro.   [John_Ioannidis]      96    SCC-SP          Semaphore Communications Sec. Pro.    [Howard_Hart]      97    ETHERIP         Ethernet-within-IP Encapsulation      [RFC3378]      98    ENCAP           Encapsulation Header                  [RFC1241][Robert_Woodburn]      99                    any private encryption scheme         [Internet_Assigned_Numbers_Authority]      100   GMTP            GMTP                                  [[RXB5]]      101   IFMP            Ipsilon Flow Management Protocol      [Bob_Hinden][November 1995, 1997.]      102   PNNI            PNNI over IP                          [Ross_Callon]      103   PIM             Protocol Independent Multicast        [Dino_Farinacci]      104   ARIS            ARIS                                  [Nancy_Feldman]      105   SCPS            SCPS                                  [Robert_Durst]      106   QNX             QNX                                   [Michael_Hunter]      107   A/N             Active Networks                       [Bob_Braden]      108   IPComp          IP Payload Compression Protocol       [RFC2393]      109   SNP             Sitara Networks Protocol              [Manickam_R_Sridhar]      110   Compaq-Peer     Compaq Peer Protocol                  [Victor_Volpe]      111   IPX-in-IP       IPX in IP                             [CJ_Lee]      112   VRRP            Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol    [RFC3768][RFC5798]      113   PGM             PGM Reliable Transport Protocol       [Tony_Speakman]      114                   any 0-hop protocol                    [Internet_Assigned_Numbers_Authority]      115   L2TP            Layer Two Tunneling Protocol          [Bernard_Aboba]      116   DDX             D-II Data Exchange (DDX)              [John_Worley]      117   IATP            Interactive Agent Transfer Protocol   [John_Murphy]      118   STP             Schedule Transfer Protocol            [Jean_Michel_Pittet]      119   SRP             SpectraLink Radio Protocol            [Mark_Hamilton]      120   UTI             UTI                                   [Peter_Lothberg]      121   SMP             Simple Message Protocol               [Leif_Ekblad]      122   SM              SM                                    [Jon_Crowcroft]      123   PTP             Performance Transparency Protocol     [Michael_Welzl]      124   ISIS over IPv4                                        [Tony_Przygienda]      125   FIRE                                                  [Criag_Partridge]      126   CRTP            Combat Radio Transport Protocol       [Robert_Sautter]      127   CRUDP           Combat Radio User Datagram            [Robert_Sautter]      128   SSCOPMCE                                              [Kurt_Waber]      129   IPLT                                                  [[Hollbach]]      130   SPS             Secure Packet Shield                  [Bill_McIntosh]      131   PIPE            Private IP Encapsulation within IP    [Bernhard_Petri]      132   SCTP            Stream Control Transmission Protocol  [Randall_R_Stewart]      133   FC              Fibre Channel                         [Murali_Rajagopal][RFC6172]      134   RSVP-E2E-IGNORE                                       [RFC3175]      135   Mobility Header                                       [RFC3775]      136   UDPLite                                               [RFC3828]      137   MPLS-in-IP                                            [RFC4023]      138   manet           MANET Protocols                       [RFC-ietf-manet-iana-07]      139   HIP             Host Identity Protocol                [RFC5201]      140   Shim6           Shim6 Protocol                        [RFC5533]      141   WESP            Wrapped Encapsulating Security        [RFC5840]                            Payload      142   ROHC            Robust Header Compression             [RFC5858]    143-252                 Unassigned                            [Internet_Assigned_Numbers_Authority]      253                   Use for experimentation and testing   [RFC3692]      254                   Use for experimentation and testing   [RFC3692]      255   Reserved                                              [Internet_Assigned_Numbers_Authority]